tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-63127698355680610482024-03-12T21:28:24.662-07:00Balzer-esk Idea'sWilliam R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.comBlogger37125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-22363124816436688022013-04-25T09:53:00.001-07:002013-04-25T09:53:12.728-07:00And With the 6th pick in the 2013 NFL draft the Cleveland Browns take…<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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Today is draft day and once again
the Cleveland Browns get an early pick.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>To the victors go the spoils and the losers, well; they get a chance
pick someone who can maybe help lift them up out of their rut.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The only problem is that since the Browns
re-inception into the league in 1999 they have had 9 picks in the top 15, and
many other early round picks.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If picking
early was the only thing that made you better the Browns would have won the
last 5 Super Bowls but obviously that is not the only thing it takes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Browns cleaned house over this off
season, from owner on down, the team has a new look and hopefully better luck;
with all this being said who will the Browns take in the first round of the
draft later tonight?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I have listed a
couple different options I see the Browns taking with their 6<sup>th</sup>
overall pick in the 2013 NFL draft.</div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Dee Milliner</span></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVZ3dzyLyIJWNJ-cIRsarIuYSMvVhCT6vatMikvO8D_IrdWqkn-3zpJNhaCyB_M-NUUrZwaAZiH2UZ42pRskJB-wUvUIEEsb-wbue7aQquBduNlWwX8cbD-qpE6k4Wqf8hH19F82slcic/s1600/041113_dee-milliner_600.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVZ3dzyLyIJWNJ-cIRsarIuYSMvVhCT6vatMikvO8D_IrdWqkn-3zpJNhaCyB_M-NUUrZwaAZiH2UZ42pRskJB-wUvUIEEsb-wbue7aQquBduNlWwX8cbD-qpE6k4Wqf8hH19F82slcic/s400/041113_dee-milliner_600.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Dee Milliner is one of the best
college cornerbacks coming out in this draft coming from an elite school in
Alabama.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He is honestly who I expect the
Brown’s to take with the 6<sup>th</sup> overall pick assuming they don’t trade
out of this spot.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He would complement
Joe Haden well, give the Brown’s a much stronger back field who play in a division
with passers like Rothenberger, Dalton, and Flacco and receivers like Bolden
and A.J. Green.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The NFL is a pass first league
so pass defense is necessary if you expect to stay in games.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Milliner would likely start and contribute
right out of the gate and again, with him, Joe Haden and T.J. Ward in the back
field the Browns defense would be set up to defend the pass for the next 5 – 10
seasons.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ziggy Ansah</span></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKl1zf3HX_GrcpDn__cb0RhLPp4CROuOmSf0g2b4lYk88V9AyZc7WBQUcQtDCvKTDYAjeFTaUs6ArO6LrZqiocKsl1ZpYKHSnTqklENPxtOtKcvpRJBW3ZMy7w88ot-J1XsSqWvkra4Ms/s1600/041713_ziggy-ansah_600.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKl1zf3HX_GrcpDn__cb0RhLPp4CROuOmSf0g2b4lYk88V9AyZc7WBQUcQtDCvKTDYAjeFTaUs6ArO6LrZqiocKsl1ZpYKHSnTqklENPxtOtKcvpRJBW3ZMy7w88ot-J1XsSqWvkra4Ms/s400/041713_ziggy-ansah_600.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Ziggy
Ansah is a great pass stopper out of BYU.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>I really like Ziggy and would love to see him playing for the Browns
every Sunday but I don’t see him still being there by the time the Brown’s
pick.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Rumors have been circulating today
that the Browns would possibly trade up with Oakland to acquire him, but I don’t
see this happening for several reasons.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Unless Oakland was willing to give up this spot for virtually nothing (and
they won’t) the Browns needs are so many, that I don’t think it makes sense to
trade up for Ansah.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I think he makes a
better pickup for the Browns than Milliner but I would rather hold onto the
picks because Milliner is needed as well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>If Ansah is still there by the time the Browns pick they may take him,
but I don’t think he will be there and I don’t think the Browns are willing to
give up what they will need to so they can trade with Oakland.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Dion Jordan</span></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSnUjpE1NRj24SNswWmOUjZodEdak_DO2BUhh4Qur_C5RVxHkZ02aFoDPSB7S4mLW4oxPuAY608hA0jmx90QYPhXjsGcJSlu9NdF1LKOMX0lcWbxzfYMbQTapPVxY5lti6WYsNyGMFqIo/s1600/Dion_Jordan_article_combine.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="366" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSnUjpE1NRj24SNswWmOUjZodEdak_DO2BUhh4Qur_C5RVxHkZ02aFoDPSB7S4mLW4oxPuAY608hA0jmx90QYPhXjsGcJSlu9NdF1LKOMX0lcWbxzfYMbQTapPVxY5lti6WYsNyGMFqIo/s400/Dion_Jordan_article_combine.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Dion
Jordan is a pure athlete; he is strong and fast.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The main issue with him is that he played at
Oregon.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I don’t hate Oregon and I
realize some good players have come out of there recently such as T.J. Ward,
but when I watch film of him I see him being more the product of a system and
not as good of a player as his numbers would lead you to believe.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His numbers are a bit lacking in some places
as well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He has racked up a lot of
tackles, but he has only forced 4 fumbles in three years and has 0
interceptions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was a recruited as an
offensive player to Oregon and even played a year at wide receiver.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For someone who was considered a good high
school prospect at tight end getting no interceptions, I have to wonder if he
will be able to drop into coverage when it is needed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I think in the long run he will make a good
player in the NFL, but I think he needs some work and I think Cleveland can get
more bang for their buck with other picks; Milliner and Ansah in
particular.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Geno Smith</span></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgN-s1au7V9SYABfYGJFRZEpMh4meM2sqT7FbLgNAiwM_rhfVh_s2eMqwGU6WZectjvPwEy9hGo2Kb4Z4DbDXrc8vkEwcoBplRYsuGzAAVk7SWhCW6XRQwR5Fjq8k-x6NlmNaHs9W7MmM/s1600/022413-smith-geno-600.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgN-s1au7V9SYABfYGJFRZEpMh4meM2sqT7FbLgNAiwM_rhfVh_s2eMqwGU6WZectjvPwEy9hGo2Kb4Z4DbDXrc8vkEwcoBplRYsuGzAAVk7SWhCW6XRQwR5Fjq8k-x6NlmNaHs9W7MmM/s400/022413-smith-geno-600.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Way too
high! Picking up Geno Smith at the 6<sup>th</sup> pick is insane!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Geno Smith may work out in the NFL; comparing
him to RGIII or Cam Newton I think is way too generous to Smith but I don’t
think picking him up at 6<sup>th</sup> overall makes sense.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If he is still there in the 2<sup>nd</sup>
round take him, if not no biggie.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There
are other quarterbacks out there the Browns can take in later rounds that I
feel are at about the same skill level as Geno Smith.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-10176440492584046842012-11-17T22:44:00.000-08:002012-11-17T22:44:39.320-08:00The Questions with Succession and its Ramifications<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> In the wake of the most recent presidential
election there has been a growing movement of people wishing to break away
from the United States.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The loudest
cries in the succession movement are coming from libertarians and the extreme
right of the Republican Party which is the Tea Party.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> They are not the only ones calling for this but they are the loudest. </span>This essay is just one part in a series of
essays I will be writing covering some of the downfalls of any state; red, purple,
or blue who wish to pursue succession.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The first essay will focus on a major concern to many; Social Security.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span> </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUq21o5CB5ImzNxMqAFQs2ZJ98DTI_w-FjUId9nfzPy_s36neihr61h8sOl0mJU4_9ZjcrBhIZH6gmfRR0j_sAqSfSV5WyHFujEge-Zzp81tLBlGI1LVlpWSDjFRFq_aXpDdKN3dN7rO8/s1600/628x471.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUq21o5CB5ImzNxMqAFQs2ZJ98DTI_w-FjUId9nfzPy_s36neihr61h8sOl0mJU4_9ZjcrBhIZH6gmfRR0j_sAqSfSV5WyHFujEge-Zzp81tLBlGI1LVlpWSDjFRFq_aXpDdKN3dN7rO8/s320/628x471.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Social Security has been a
political football ever since its inception and has continued to be one up into
the present day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For those who are
unaware, Social Security refers to the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance
(OASDI) which is a </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">federal</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">program that encompass’ several
social welfare and social insurance programs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Social Security is primarily funded through dedicated payroll taxes
called </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Federal</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Insurance Contributions Act tax
(FICA). <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Tax deposits are formally
entrusted to the </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Federal </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Old-Age and Survivors Insurance
Trust Fund, the </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Federal</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Disability Insurance Trust Fund,
the </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Federal</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Hospital Insurance Trust Fund,
or the </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Federal</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Supplementary Medical Insurance
Trust Fund which comprise the Social Security Trust Fund. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Now I realize that I have enlarged the word
federal a total of six times so far when giving the definition and explaining
the role of Social Security; b<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span>ut to be
fair I enlarged the word state every time it was mentioned as well. The only
problem is that Social Security is ran, regulated, and maintained by the
federal government, not the state government.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Another fun fact about Social
Security is that it is estimated to keep roughly 40 percent of all Americans
age 65 or older out of poverty (1.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Although this is an 8 year old statistic it is very reasonable to believe
that 40 percent is still at best the most optimal situation but considering the
recent global financial crisis it may even be higher than 40 percent.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUCMiu5Ou9eShsI4Fkd-BTtMNOccvg11Tch7NT_A3oN9GAXXwVio4aVo8JMz5EiWeRz93Y58DwPyMyA2zuExfvZ3ry27MBpCxvgQFighL4BaPzXV3_avQOuf2aBqW2knc53LHKEOMIsK4/s1600/elderly-homeless.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUCMiu5Ou9eShsI4Fkd-BTtMNOccvg11Tch7NT_A3oN9GAXXwVio4aVo8JMz5EiWeRz93Y58DwPyMyA2zuExfvZ3ry27MBpCxvgQFighL4BaPzXV3_avQOuf2aBqW2knc53LHKEOMIsK4/s320/elderly-homeless.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">So with all this being stated, if
a state were to go through with succession what would this mean for those
drawing social security or close to retirement?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>What about states like Florida and Arizona where the amount of retirees
are much higher than in other states?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Would there be anything put in place by the succeeding states or would people of every age have to fend for themselves? These
are a couple of the issues that would surely arise if states were to start
breaking away from the Union.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some could
take the Ayn Rand philosophy and merely shrug at those who weren’t prepared for
the collapse of the federal government but I have a hunch that a great deal elderly
people would face dire choices if they were to lose their Social Security benefits.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And notice I called them benefits and not
entitlements; these elderly people have been paying a FICA tax most, if not
their entire working lives.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">One possible solution to this
problem is that if a state were to succeed from the United States, the federal government could still
pay the benefits regardless of where the beneficiary lives.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is only one flaw with this scenario, I
do not see a federal government helping out a state that has just succeeded
from it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You can’t merely flip someone
the bird and then ask them for assistance.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Few people would be willing to do this and if the blood is that bad
between the U.S government and a succeeding state I doubt they will be any
different.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>With that being stated responsibility
for the elderly more than likely now becomes a state issue or rather a succeeding state issue.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Could these states bear such a
financial burden in the infancy of being an independent state and now a nation?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is very doubtful considering the other
financial burdens they would soon be getting ready to deal with due to their
new found freedom.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is also no
mechanism in place to deal with this on the state level, so what would people
do in the meantime till such a structure was established?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Succeeding seems to bring more questions than
tangible answers and that is only on the issue of Social Security.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I am not in favor of any state succeeding
from the United States, period.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For
better or worse we are one big family and merely saying I’m done and leaving
will weaken the government and create more burden on the succeeding state than
they can handle.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I think the issues we
face as a nation are fixable assuming reasonable adults can sit down at the
table and agree on reasonable solutions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Compromise is not a dirty word, it is the solution. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Works Cited </span></div>
<br />
<ol>
<li>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">Orr, D. (November –
December, 2004). "Social Security Isn't Broken: So Why the Rush To 'Fix '
It? In C. Sturr & R. Vasudevan (Eds.), 2007, Current Economic Issues.
Boston: Economic Affairs Bureau.</span></li>
</ol>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-18879432923690134982012-06-24T23:21:00.000-07:002012-06-24T23:21:36.846-07:00My Ex and LeBron<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> LeBron James leaving his native
Cleveland hit me like many Cavaliers fans pretty hard.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In trying to describe my feelings to a friend
of mine after LeBron’s recent championship I was looking for the perfect
analogy and I found it; an ex-girlfriend.</span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>LeBron
to me is like an ex-girlfriend, it ends with the ring.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When I started dating my ex I was a wreck;
ill equipped for the next level, unambitious, and slept in too late.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My Cavs before LeBron showed up also had
these same issues.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My ex came in and
changed the wardrobe bringing me a little more class, out with the jeans with
holes and stained tees.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>LeBron did the
very same for the Cavs ditching older players and baby fat from the rooster to
add new kicks like Antwan Jamison and a nice retro suit like Shaquille O’Neil
to give the Cavs that new slick look.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>King
James like most of our ex’s demands us to step it up and get some new things if
you expect them to hang around.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Cavs
got a new work out facility closer to LeBron’s Akron home so the drive wouldn’t
be too bad in the off season.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I didn’t
have to go out and buy a gym but I did have to get an air conditioner for the
apartment and ditch the futon for an actual bed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In both comparisons all parties involved got
what they wanted especially my ex, I mean LeBron, I mean, oh whatever!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>`Now
you guys have been together for a while now and it is starting to get a little
more serious.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One of the people involved
wants to take it to the next level and they start talking about a ring.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That one ring, which is different for my ex,
and LeBron, and even Gollum strangely enough; that ring starts to rule their
lives.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You try to be calm and rational
about it and say “Honey, I’ll get you a ring but you have to show me you are
committed.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Show me your in it for the
long haul and you aren’t going to leave me high and dry here in a couple years
for some new beau in Miami but then they turn it around on you and say you
don’t trust them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They pout around and
make changes to their game but never quite step it up to the level they have to
showing you they are all in.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1cXIaPLBXB0TCLjLPwws1AeCA-EB0DT9DShOGh1l6pRC-r0ecHReaGIKSxHRk3mwgGKxoJdfxbpdFAJwGNWXZ0f1F5jGLmpXCwFI2XQjmHN6JwpK7xx19hKSDj0bcRKR6GTQ76Q5Mpv8/s1600/lossoftherings.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1cXIaPLBXB0TCLjLPwws1AeCA-EB0DT9DShOGh1l6pRC-r0ecHReaGIKSxHRk3mwgGKxoJdfxbpdFAJwGNWXZ0f1F5jGLmpXCwFI2XQjmHN6JwpK7xx19hKSDj0bcRKR6GTQ76Q5Mpv8/s400/lossoftherings.png" width="400" /></a></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">After a while they
start scheming with their girlfriends (Bosh, Wade, and Pat O’ Riley) and these
friends always tell them that they could do so much better than you.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He’s a nice guy and all but is he really
going to take you anywhere in life?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Will
he get you that ring?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That’s when
everything goes wrong with the relationship.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Constant under performance in key moment’s pulls the two of you apart
until eventually you have a messy breakup. </span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">You try to patch things
up and start over but too much has been said to ever repair all the damage
done.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They move on and yeah, you wish
you could go back to way things were before but what is done is done and you can’t
change that.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You follow what’s going on
from a far; reading facebook status’s and tweet’s for hints about what they are
thinking or even if they will take you back.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>After a while of doing this you hear news that they are about to get
that ring they wanted so badly.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Once
they get the ring you realize there is no turning back and you can quit pinning
over them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the back of your head you
hear a voice that says it will be ok, you heard these same rumors last year and
nothing ever came out of it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This time
seems different though.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They seem really
determined to get it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It seems like it’s
really going happen and there is nothing you can do to stop it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">
<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">When LeBron finally got
that ring last week I knew it was time to move on; he wasn’t coming back so I
should just make peace with that.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
first step in fixing any problem is admitting you have one in the first
place.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In closing, my name is William
Balzer, I have a love / hate relationship with LeBron James and I’m trying to
move on with my life!<br />
<br />
To Be Continued….?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b></div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-69784909902648326952012-01-16T04:19:00.000-08:002012-01-16T04:19:25.293-08:00The Whore of Akron, a Review<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Scott Raab
sums up one of the worst break up stories in sports history with his new book “The
Whore of Akron.”</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPj5VRUg83R9jgKsWhHFD4Ty_DmKXa4CoBcZBYjSkQwujF2pnihewoOQa3srdBiyZGJukEekgvQwupGEZo_0QvIs8jsA5wHscYijXRvsH7sTEf_FpS-RQ_3BMbBuUrhZxi3zXNeVzAyGM/s1600/the_whore_of_akron-book_jacket.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="428" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPj5VRUg83R9jgKsWhHFD4Ty_DmKXa4CoBcZBYjSkQwujF2pnihewoOQa3srdBiyZGJukEekgvQwupGEZo_0QvIs8jsA5wHscYijXRvsH7sTEf_FpS-RQ_3BMbBuUrhZxi3zXNeVzAyGM/s640/the_whore_of_akron-book_jacket.jpg" width="640" /></a><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;">
Above: The cover of the book. Don't judge a book by it's cover because I liked the cover but loved the book. </div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif; text-indent: 0.5in;">
If you know me you know that I am
loyal to my sports teams despite their inabilities to win at times.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I am all Ohio when it comes to who I root
for; The Cincinnati Reds in baseball, the Cleveland Browns in football, the
Blue Jackets in hockey, and the Cleveland Cavaliers in basketball.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Much to my surprise this Christmas my mother
got me a book by the writer Scott Raab, “The Whore of Akron.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Being a Cavs fan when you see the cover of
this book you see the self-appointed King James on the cover in all of his
glory and a rush of emotions come to mind.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Some of the different emotions I felt were:<br />
<br />
Rage:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I hate this guy (LeBron or LeBrick
as I like to call him,) he pissed on me, my team, and the entire City of
Cleveland</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
Sorrow: <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Damn the
Cavaliers sucked last year</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
Pride (what is left of it):<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>I can’t bail on my team just because they played like 12 year olds
against superheroes</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
Optimism:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We’ll be
better this year; hell, we can’t get much worse</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
Joy:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Hehe, he called
LeBron a whore<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>So back
to the book; before I started reading it I was hoping it wasn’t going to be a 300
page “hate fest” on LeBron.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I was trying
to move past that stage in my life and look towards the future like most Ohio
sports fans do because the future is always our best bet even though tomorrow never
seems to come.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As I started to read the
book I realized that Mr. Raab was a lot like me and the majority of Cleveland
sports fans when it comes to the different stages and extremes of our/his
mourning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The book is a must read and
not a “hate fest” like some who read the title would assume.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mr. Raab gives credit where credit is due and
isn’t shy about pointing out the faults of “The Chosen One,” himself, or any
other Cleveland fan for that matter.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
was refreshing to see how the author progressed through his feelings during LeBron’s
last season in Cleveland and throughout the following season with James in
Miami while the Cav’s where on their abysmal road to ruin.</div>
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<br /></div>
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<span> </span>The
book kind of reminded me of “Faithfull” by Steven King and Stewart O’ Nan
except there wasn’t the fairy tale ending where the pious home team wins it all
in the face of adversity; it was almost like the bizzarro to “Faithful.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I’m sure Mr. Raab would agree that it wasn’t
his intent to make it feel this way but in Cleveland sports, how else was it
supposed to end?</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzeQx2ylDgjnC0FE7ZI8BApHGYC-P6tx8rB9BpnSpTwpJEhtGEaNqvgL1TXzerkgyM6o_JHKfqyt5DsJFxdBMXheBI6gt9QRG_wru-2B00k-w9oqccsU4N9mdVrPjpcsSZZFE9b4MnFVc/s1600/scott+raab.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzeQx2ylDgjnC0FE7ZI8BApHGYC-P6tx8rB9BpnSpTwpJEhtGEaNqvgL1TXzerkgyM6o_JHKfqyt5DsJFxdBMXheBI6gt9QRG_wru-2B00k-w9oqccsU4N9mdVrPjpcsSZZFE9b4MnFVc/s1600/scott+raab.jpg" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Above: The author Scott Raab</div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
<span> </span>The
book jumps around a great deal between the present and the past.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mr. Raab talks about his life growing up in
Cleveland, the History of Cleveland sports and his career as a writer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At first I was kind of lost by this but as I
kept reading the book I realized that I am / was a lot like Mr. Raab (I’m still
nowhere near as successful) and his story is a lot like the story of
Cleveland.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the end though Mr. Raab
has turned out to be a successful writer but Cleveland sports is the same sad
affair it has been for several decades now, only to show some signs of life
before it gets washed away by the inevitable erosion of Lake Erie herself.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I’m not going to go into great detail about
the content of the book because I feel that my synopsis cannot do it
justice.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I like most of the likely
readers already knew part of the story but I did feel when I was reading it
that I was an NBA insider there for a little bit.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I remember things going down in the media and
the book helped give a back story to what was going on behind the scenes that
an average outsider didn’t know.</div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"> If
you are a fan of Cleveland sports; read this book! If you are a fan of any teams
who have fallen on hard times; read this book!
Hell, if you’re a fan of sports period you need to read this book! If you think that LeBron is a saint and “The
Decision” wasn’t the worst break up of all time; then don’t read this book and
as a matter of fact go play in traffic somewhere! This is one of the best books on sports I
have ever read because it was real, gritty, and it showed the true colors of a
lot of the athletes we put on pedestals whether they deserve it or not. Thank you Scott Raab for helping me with this
break up, you have made the fandom of the Indian’s, Brown’s, and Cavaliers
proud and we are blessed to call you one of our own! </span><br style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;" />
<br style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;" /><span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
William Balzer</span><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-60202081764289392432012-01-16T02:59:00.000-08:002012-01-16T02:59:36.384-08:00Review of Mylo Xyloto by Coldplay<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Not sure what “Mylo Xyloto” is or
means… but listen to it!</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8yicoYxQ_SWNcXWv5rpNR6kY_HGaYzc04GPrEwGri5-wefWh-dwDy_1jlkdRRnGK9OPX3bx5Vs9iPRmRroOJDXm5TSJLVMgUvuoz8iobCbuwm8LkaBTqFgtdqE923gTrqs3i4M7Ag3BU/s1600/Coldplay-Mylo-Xyloto.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8yicoYxQ_SWNcXWv5rpNR6kY_HGaYzc04GPrEwGri5-wefWh-dwDy_1jlkdRRnGK9OPX3bx5Vs9iPRmRroOJDXm5TSJLVMgUvuoz8iobCbuwm8LkaBTqFgtdqE923gTrqs3i4M7Ag3BU/s320/Coldplay-Mylo-Xyloto.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
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Ok, so I am going to admit
something which may get my “man card” revoked in certain circles; I love
Coldplay.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Now with that out of the way and
a definite loss to some of my “street cred” it is time to take a look at
Coldplay’s newest album “Mylo Xyloto.”</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
Mylo Xyloto is a beautiful album
that I think will widen the bands fan base.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Coldplay has been evolving their sound their whole careers, their
previous album “Viva La Vida” was a break from their previous three albums and
“Mylo Xyloto” is no different.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In my
opinion, on a lot of the tracks I felt like Coldplay was almost channeling U2
of the 90’s and 2000’s.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The chunky
guitar riffs, choir like vocals, and ambient acoustics of “Major Minus” made me
feel like I was listening to the pride of Ireland U2.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>So this album is a lot different than their previous ones in that I felt
there wasn’t a constant lyrical or musical thread throughout the whole
album.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I’m not complaining it’s just
different for Coldplay.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although the
thread was missing it wasn’t hard to listen to the album, it still flowed
really well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Piano is also not as
prevalent in this album as in previous ones, it’s not void of piano, just a lot
less than expected.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In place of piano there
is a lot more keyboards and effects giving the album an electronica feel at
times.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There are some really good
singles on this album; “Up in Flames,” “Paradise,” and the “Princess of China”
are three of my favorites.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
Although I like “Up in Flames,” it
did kind of have a Michael Bolton love song feel to it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Paradise” was beautiful and felt like a
traditional Coldplay song and “Princess of China” featuring Rihanna was
awesome!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If you would have told me
before I heard this album that Rihanna and Chris Martin would have a duet I
would have probably told you this would be the end of the band but it exceeded
my expectations to say the least.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I have
never been big on Rihanna but I definitely have a new found appreciation of her
after her duet with Chris Martin on this album.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
So in closing, there are a couple
things I need to state.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The first is
that I am not sure what “Mylo Xyloto” is or means… but listen to the
album.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If you want to be the “in” guy /
girl there are a couple goods singles you can get without buying the whole
thing, and my “street cred” will never be the same until I review some metal or
gangster rap, any suggestions for future reviews or comments email me at:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="mailto:balzerw@mymail.shawnee.edu">balzer45648@gmail.com</a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
William Balzer</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-34911594426296497212012-01-16T02:49:00.000-08:002012-01-16T02:52:20.761-08:00The Syrian Revolt<div style="text-align: center;">
<i><b>An exclusive interview with Dr. Amr al-Azm and his views on the Syrian Uprising</b></i></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipAR4iHREJDTS0QGVUohXHTBKcBSsyh3DBsid2VjcX41mv3aAPtgaZ0NQte4sHjShPvvTEN93DF0sIL4KO2rG8kRrHCnq4keTAkkr_Y2RzYljMBg4ArnlC-3atIz-9nLjLvMvTekYo6yI/s1600/syrianrevolution.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipAR4iHREJDTS0QGVUohXHTBKcBSsyh3DBsid2VjcX41mv3aAPtgaZ0NQte4sHjShPvvTEN93DF0sIL4KO2rG8kRrHCnq4keTAkkr_Y2RzYljMBg4ArnlC-3atIz-9nLjLvMvTekYo6yI/s320/syrianrevolution.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<br /></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">
Although many in the United States
have turned their focus elsewhere, the Arab Spring is still alive and well and
unrest still continues in many Middle Eastern states. Recently (November 10<sup>th</sup>, 2011) I
sat down with Dr. Amr al-Azm for a one-on-one interview asking him his opinions
about the Arab Spring and the events that are taking place in his native
Syria. Dr. Amr Al-Azm is very qualified
to speak on this issue; he has appeared multiple times on the BBC as well as
many other major news outlets and was recently in an episode of PBS’s
Frontline. A link to that video is
listed at the end of this article and I recommend all those wanting to know
more about the unrest in Syria to watch the video.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7e3w0p3S2OmegaZnD64hfFkNkkRwrzb39wpW1iR42aF6ckzqRZtgLSBWueiZ5IRJ-ADjIUG4INYuUhQ802KTBz7cl96j58wN5Xx4vZstUpmzAhp_Ba25HGrpNJQQP_rArUbbd3onYE7s/s1600/amr+al+azm.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7e3w0p3S2OmegaZnD64hfFkNkkRwrzb39wpW1iR42aF6ckzqRZtgLSBWueiZ5IRJ-ADjIUG4INYuUhQ802KTBz7cl96j58wN5Xx4vZstUpmzAhp_Ba25HGrpNJQQP_rArUbbd3onYE7s/s1600/amr+al+azm.jpg" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
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To give you a little bit of
background on whom Dr. Amr Al-Azm is; he is an Assistant Professor of History
here at Shawnee State University. Dr. Amr
Al Azm was educated in the UK, reading Archaeology of Western Asiatics at the
University of London, Institute of Archaeology and graduated with a doctoral
degree in 1991. He has excavated a
number of sites including Tell Hamoukar in Syria and one possibly associated
with Ghengis Khan's final resting place in Mongolia. He was the Director of Scientific and
Conservation Laboratories at the General Department of Antiquities and Museums
(1999-2004) and Head of the Centre for Archaeological Research at the
University of Damascus (2003-2006). He
has taught at the University of Damascus (1999-2006) and served Dean of University
Requirements at the Arab European University (2005-2006). He is also a keen observer of Middle East
events, in particular Syria and its neighbors. He was a visiting Assistant Professor at
Brigham Young University (2006-2009) teaching courses in political science and
anthropology (2006-2009.)</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
In the following article all
questions in bold where asked by me, William R. Balzer and the answers that
followed were from Dr. Amr Al-Azm:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">What is the Arab
Spring? Is that name appropriate for
what is going on right now in the Middle East?</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
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Well in a sense it’s a misnomer in
that it started in winter; it started in December it didn’t start in the
spring. The reason we call it a spring
is because spring is a time of rebirth of something new and after decades of
repression, authoritarianism, and a lack of democracy we are starting to see a
positive change. It seemed that
everybody around the Arab world and outside it had assumed that the Arab’s were
destined to live or continue living in these pretty miserable conditions in
terms of their civil liberties and their rights to free speech. When this Arab
Spring happened it came out of the blue.
</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
This was a call for basic human
rights that we take for granted here in the West. It seemed that the Arab people and the youth
in particular were finally tired of the situation. The Arab world is a very young population; it
is not an aging population. There have
been huge population booms in Syria, Egypt, and in the rest of North Africa and
all these young people just turned around and said hey, you know what we’re not
taking this anymore. That is why it is
called a spring in that sense because it is a rebirth of a movement or an
expression, or a rejection of the decades of authoritarianism and lack of
democracy.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">So the suppression of
human rights throughout the Arab world is what caused the Arab spring or where
there other factors?</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Well
it’s not just human rights it’s everything; it’s the whole combination. I mean remember it’s the lack of
opportunities; if you look at it this way there is a lack of opportunities for
employment, opportunities to better yourself, improving your standing in the
world around you and providing for your family.
It is hard to just sit back and watch while this kind of injustice is
happening.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">So since we are
trying to relate this to the average American, do you think this is going to
effect the United States at all and if so how?</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> </b>Absolutely, it is going to
affect the United States for sure.
Anything that happens in the Middle East can have an effect on U.S
interests in the region. The Arab Spring
is going to have an effect on the United States and its policies in the region;
this is why we have seen sometimes contradictory messages coming out of Washington
or even delays in terms of responses by the Obama administration to what is
clearly a need. This happens in part
because they (Washington) are sitting there calculating and factoring in,
saying how is that going to affect our strategic interests in the region and
don’t forget this is a region that produces a significant amount of oil and
also this is where Israel is. These are
all factors that when the United States makes policy it has to take into
account. </div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">So do you think the
United States has a “hands off” policy right now? Is the United States just waiting for the
dust to clear before they pick sides?</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> </b>No, I think initially they
were caught with their pants down like everybody else but nobody was expecting
this and I think that is why their initial responses were so hesitant. I think now it is quite different and they
are engaging on Syria, and in Libya but staying out of others. It’s kind of interesting to see for instance
with Bahrain the United States did not intervene, they let the Bahraini regime
put down the uprising and I think it’s because of the fear of a Shia take over
and we also have a massive naval station in Bahrain as well. With all those things we were happy to let
the Saudi’s role the tanks in and crush the uprising. In Yemen we don’t seem to be really engaging
President Ali Abdullah Saleh or demanding him to step down or freezing assets
and that’s because one of the United States strongest partners in the region
Saudi Arabia doesn’t really want us to do that whereas on Libya we were ready
to go all the way and lead NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) on the
bombing in Libya and taking Gadhafi out of power. <br /> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">With your background
you have a very keen ability to see both sides of the coin. In your opinion did the Obama administration
handle Libya correctly?</b></div>
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<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
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Libya
is a bone of contention in this country for a variety of reasons but I think
Libya turned out well. With hindsight
being what it is the administration can say here, this was the way to go and we
made the right call. Now had the whole
thing went badly there would have been a different response to that but
personally I think yes, I think it was handled right. Once the people on the ground had made the
decision to take up arms against Gadhafi then they needed the support and got
it; it wasn’t very easy and mistakes were made but the end result was a good
one for everybody with Gadhafi dead.
Also don’t forget that it was a NATO strike that finally basically
stopped Gadhafi as he was trying to escape from Sirte and had him scurrying
into a drain pipe where they finally found him.
What would have been wrong would have been to have a military
intervention, NATO or not and the people not want it.<br />
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
I can
tell you in Syria for example a lot of people on the ground, not everybody
obviously but a lot of people on the ground, particularly the protestors who
are facing the bullets, manning the barricades, the ones who are getting mowed
down every day are calling for protection.
What they mean when they say protection which is interesting is a
“no-fly zone.” A no-fly zone when you
look at it initially, you may say what the point is; the regime isn’t using any
fixed wing or helicopters apart from occasionally moving troops around with
them for logistics so why would anyone want a no-fly zone?</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
A no-fly
zone is a code word for something else; it’s a code word for we want the army
to stay in its barracks. We want NATO,
the United States, whomever to actually conduct aggressive action against the
Syrian army that is not sitting in its barracks. I think that would be the ideal way to look
at it. They could hit Syrian troop
movements while on the road, whilst they are moving from city to city, to go in
and force them to stay in their barracks.
As long as they stay in their barracks their safe and as soon as they come
out of their barracks they are going to be targeted. That would be a very powerful message to the
regime saying the rest of the world is very serious about the terrible abuses
the regime has committed and at the same time it would protect the civilians. The civilians are asking for this now like
the civilians of Libya did earlier. There
is a big difference from when people are calling for this and when they are
not. Right now the vast majority of
people, both inside and outside Syria are calling for some sort of action that
would prevent the Syrian army or somehow restrict the ability of the Syrian
regime to go out and kill its people.<br /> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Now I am sure that
you would like to see something like a No-Fly Zone enacted in Syria but do you
think that will actually come to pass?</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> </b>I don’t know it’s kind of
difficult; so far all indications are that they have no intentions to do so but
this can change and there are a number of events or acts that could change
that. A very serious escalation in the
causalities can be a possible trigger to intervention; another trigger could be
with the Arab League. Once the Arab
League suspended Libya’s member ship that opened the door for the U.N’s
Security Council to make a resolution and from there NATO was able to act. There is a chain reaction, right now on
Saturday the Arab League is having a special meeting which we hope and we
suspect will suspend Syria’s membership.
That would be a trigger that would hopefully trigger a Security Council
resolution of some sort against the Syrian regime which may then trigger
something with NATO. Without that though
unless there is an imminent catastrophe like in Benghazi you won’t see any
outside intervention. The regime is
stupid but not that stupid; I don’t think they will ever take it to that
level. Their doing right now piece by
piece and street by street, house by house; small bit size chunks to avoid that
escalation. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Former Secretary of
State Condoleezza Rice was on the Daily Show recently promoting her new book
and when she was asked whether Operation Iraqi Freedom had any positive influence
on the Arab Spring she said yes. Would
you agree with that statement?</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> </b>No, to the contrary
actually; Operation Iraqi Freedom, and there is a couple of contradictory terms
to put it together like that. Operation
Iraqi Freedom held back those of us who were active at that time, it made it
hard for us to make the case for democracy because the US invasion of Iraq
became the by word for this is what happens when you call for democracy, you invite
US or foreign invasions and occupations.
The fact that the occupation was a terrible mess and it was very
mismanaged by the Bush administration was clear for all to see. But most of all
yes we did get rid of Saddam Hussein but is Iraq really a democracy now? No it is not; I’m not saying that the Iraqi
people were better of under Saddam that is in no way what I am saying. But at the same time just because you got rid
of Saddam does not mean that the mission was a success. There isn’t a despot in charge but it isn’t a
democracy either. In Iraq there is a new
form of autocracy in charge and it’s not working. Maliki is not a good example of democracy in
addition that now you have Iran for the most part in charge of Iraq whereas
before they were not even in the picture in the way of influence. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">One of the major
fears of Westerners is many of these Arab states breaking down and turning to
chaos after the Arab Spring. Do you
think any of these states in the Middle East will turn into a state like Somalia
or Afghanistan? </b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> </b>The chances for any of these
states to go into a Taliban style of extremism are very unlikely. I’ll give you a very simple answer for that
one; you need a certain environment. Afghanistan
and Somalia is a product of a complete breakdown of society and decades of
civil war. A group like this would not
be able to take hold in many of the Arab states like Syria or Egypt; I don’t
think the people would tolerate it. The
people would uproot it themselves; they wouldn’t need someone to do it for
them. The Islamist party that won in
Tunisia is very moderate and all the public statements they have made are very
reassuring the seculars, to the women and the West. Everyone is looking to Turkey as a model to
follow, in Syria it will be the same.
You have to keep in mind that Middle Eastern society by and large is
conservative by nature. They are
socially conservative but liberal in terms of its politics, business, and
management of its capital. I don’t see a
threat in a Taliban Islamist extremist government taking hold in the
region. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Do you think there is
a way the Assad regime and the protestors can reach an agreement with Assad
still in charge?</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> </b>The demands of the uprising
are very clear; there will be no dialogue with the regime till Assad agrees to
step down and even then the dialogue will be only about how to transfer
power. There will be no dialogue to
extend the life of the regime. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">So the opposition is
willing to talk to him just under certain circumstances?</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
If we
are going to talk to him he has to first free all political prisoners, withdraw
the troops from the streets, and then he could talk to us on how to hand over
power, and not extend his power. We’re
not interested in any of these deals where he will hand over power hear in a
couple of years. He has total power
right now and we are interested in the talks so there isn’t a power vacuum in
the country. The key demand of the
uprising is that Bashar Assad step down as well as his family and bring an
immediate end to the regime as it is now.
</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Do you think there is
a relationship between the events we have seen happen in the Middle East and
the Occupy protests here in America and the protests in Europe?</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> </b>No, I don’t think there is
much of a connection between the two or if at all. I think people power has always existed. The Arab Spring is not the first uprising to
happen; we have seen it in Latin America, we saw it East Asia, we have even saw
it in Eastern Europe back in the late 80’s early 90’s with the fall of
communism. To make idiotic bogus
argument that this is some kind of a plot by the Middle Eastern world to so
discordant America is not just idiotic but moronic and absurd and these people
should be ignored.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Do you think the
message between both these movements is similar?</b></div>
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<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.5pt; border: none; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in;">
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> </b>No, one is
about bringing about democracy and an end to tyranny and authoritarianism and
the other one is essentially about jobs and ending monopolies. I don’t know how important the Occupy rallies
are really; you guys have a mechanism where we don’t. Just go and field candidates that believe in
what you believe in and vote for them.
You don’t need to occupy anything.
Just call up your senator and your congressmen and tell them what you
think of him and tell him if he doesn’t vote the way you want him to vote next
time you’re not going to vote for him and if enough of you do that then that’s
it. But to sit out in a field and bang a
lot of drums you may be bringing some attention to the issues but in the end
what have you done. At the end of the
day, if you want to influence your candidate write him, start a movement; you
have that mechanism, we don’t have that mechanism. We are fighting right now to create that
mechanism and that’s the difference. <br /> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="border: medium none; padding: 0in;">
</div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In a
following up of what has happened in Syria since this interview the violence
still continues as well as many other Arab states. The Arab League has given the Assad regime in
Syria a three day ultimatum as of Thursday, Nov. 17, 2011. Due to publishing times of this paper who
knows what will happen in the Arab world between now and then but so far the
events that Dr. Amr Al-Azm was speaking of to bring foreign intervention have
started to move into place. Whatever
your view on the Arab Spring is or Syria, may a peace soon be reached in the
region and in the world as a whole.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
William R. Balzer </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The following is a link to a Frontline Special on PBS’s
about the Syrian revolution and Dr. Amr Al-Azm is featured in this
episode:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/syria-undercover/</div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-11886348694161730662011-12-24T04:07:00.000-08:002011-12-24T04:07:18.984-08:00Automation and the Worker: Friend or Foe?<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<b>My job hasn’t been
shipped anywhere but it is still in danger; please help me and my brothers and
sisters!</b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-m2l5Ou9EOpk/TvW_8KC6f7I/AAAAAAAAAGk/EMhhpBJdr7Y/s1600/KrogArt.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-m2l5Ou9EOpk/TvW_8KC6f7I/AAAAAAAAAGk/EMhhpBJdr7Y/s1600/KrogArt.jpg" /></a></div>
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So this is my first writing since
becoming a college graduate and I must say that it feels really good to write
out of pleasure than out of necessity.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The following is addressed to my readers, my brothers and sisters in the
UFCW (United Food and Commercial Workers,) and to people who patronize Kroger’s
and other quality union shops.</div>
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<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-indent: 0.5in;">
I am totally in favor of my
business being profitable; if it wasn’t for Kroger’s profitability I wouldn’t
have a job and would be forced to work under my previous work conditions which
are less than desirable.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In my brief
time at Kroger’s I have been acclimated back into the corporate world and now
have a better understanding of the standard capitalist hierarchy that employees
a great deal of us in one form or another.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>I am proud to call myself a Kroger’s employee and a member of the local UFCW.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Kroger’s is the first job I have had in a
long time that I don’t dread dragging myself into work, I go with enthusiasm
(some would say I have drunk the Kool – Aid.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>With all this being said I have noticed something that alarms me.</div>
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<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-indent: 0.5in;">
A couple of weeks back I was
working my register when a man came in and got in my line; it wasn’t a
particularly long line but it was the end of the night and I was the only
cashier short of the U-Scan attendant (for those of you not familiar with what
a U-Scan is, it is an automated self-checkout.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The U-Scan attendant came over and asked the gentlemen if he would like
to be helped on the U-Scan instead of waiting in my line.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The gentlemen kindly replied “No thank you,
those things take away jobs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I can wait
a little on this guy and insure he has a job.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-indent: 0.5in;">
For years I have used the U-Scans
and not thought anything of it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I
assumed the cashiers preferred people to use these automated self-checkouts so
they wouldn’t have to do as much.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I held
this belief until I became a cashier, heard this man’s comments and put one and
one together.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You see I used to work in
the pharmacy at Kroger’s until I transferred to the registers up front.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I was getting around 24 – 32 hours a week in
the pharmacy at slightly better than minimum wage and I was content to stay
there for the time being.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Now that I am
a cashier though I usually work the union minimum of 15 hours a week and layoffs
are rumored to be coming soon.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I am in
no fear of losing my job considering my seniority but I do feel for my brothers
and sisters in the store who are not as fortunate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I then got trained to work U-Scan the
following day I worked after this gentleman came in and I saw how effective I
was at running four registers at once with little knowledge of how they
actually worked.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Did I get the same
amount of interaction with the customers; not even close.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>But I was pumping out paying customers pretty
consistently.</div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-indent: 0.5in;">
Now again, I don’t want to see Kroger’s
fail.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I like many people in the area
count on my job at Kroger’s to pay my bills and put food on the table but as I
was working the U-Scan, verifying the age of a 50 year old man buying wine with
my foreign made electronic key pad and I was thinking, could I be cutting my
own throat right now?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Is me preforming
this duty at work hurting my hours and the hours of my brothers and
sisters?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Is it even putting some of my
brothers and sisters out of a job?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I
can’t help but feel a little responsible for those layoffs now.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
</span><div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; text-indent: 0.5in;">
I will never use a U-Scan anymore
unless I absolutely have to; period.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It’s not because I don’t want to see Kroger’s succeed in being a
profitable business; it’s because I want to have a job, my brothers and sisters
in the union to have a job, and I am willing to pay a little more for a person
to be my cashier and not some machine.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I
know we are trying to pull ourselves out of this recession as a collective but
I think that paying maybe a little more for our goods so our neighbors, family,
and friends can keep a roof over their heads isn’t exactly a bad thing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Labor costs can be a major expense for a
company the size of Kroger’s but un-employment has a bigger cost in the
communities we live in.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In this season
of giving and being thankful I ask anyone who reads this to please tell your
friends about this article, post it on a facebook wall or on your twitter feed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Tell a friend about the harm a U-Scan can do
and I bet most people haven’t even thought about it; I know I hadn’t until a customer
brought it to my attention.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I am writing
this on Christmas Eve, a time of giving thanks and the only thing I can think
about is how four machines could affect the families of my co-workers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So the next time you are in a Kroger’s or any
other store for that matter and you have a choice of self-checkout or being
waited on by a real, living and breathing cashier choose the cashier.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I know he or she will appreciate you picking
their job and livelihood over saving a couple of second’s while dancing with
the machine called U-Scan.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Merry
Christmas and god bless.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
William Balzer </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">This Article is not endorsed by the UFCW or Kroger's or any of it's subsidiaries. The views in this essay are the views of the writer. </span></b></div>
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<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-g9GisM2bvTo/TvW_Nbv1MaI/AAAAAAAAAGY/QOXPRkT8rng/s1600/ufcw+logo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="106" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-g9GisM2bvTo/TvW_Nbv1MaI/AAAAAAAAAGY/QOXPRkT8rng/s320/ufcw+logo.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-20985043857798371652011-11-14T00:58:00.001-08:002011-11-14T01:04:51.523-08:00Review of “The King of Limbs” by Radiohead<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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(This article was featured in the most recent issue of the Shawnee State University Chronicle)</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh18D7z6-p_XXQzXChvv_-EWL9bMu1TilGd7R2M411PN2fo5KVYSS7HFlUeqU9BUKnSmaxOeEuIfuSrF-KS-R_DUtnH3b7YDWiPrN69RCPxFb6jIUZ6v4WRR5jrcsyNF_0AZbnHHcnvt2M/s1600/king-of-limbs-001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh18D7z6-p_XXQzXChvv_-EWL9bMu1TilGd7R2M411PN2fo5KVYSS7HFlUeqU9BUKnSmaxOeEuIfuSrF-KS-R_DUtnH3b7YDWiPrN69RCPxFb6jIUZ6v4WRR5jrcsyNF_0AZbnHHcnvt2M/s400/king-of-limbs-001.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Something
for the diehard fans to get excited about and something the casual Radiohead
listener can enjoy.</span></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Although
“The King of Limbs” by Radiohead came out in late February earlier this year
many people are just now hearing about its release.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If you are a diehard Radiohead fan you
probably have been chilling to this album for a couple months and are already
patiently awaiting the release of their upcoming album “TKOL RMX 1234567” which
is slated to be released on October 11<sup>th</sup>, 2011.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For those of us that were oblivious to all
this and the sudden wave of promotion have caught our attention, this album is
definitely worth buying!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>At
first I felt really bad for not noticing that one of the bestselling and
innovative <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>bands in the last 20 years
had released a new album but when Guy Raz of NPR sat down to talk with the guys
I realized I wasn’t the only one who missed it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Guitarist for the band Ed O’Brien and singer Thom York said this to Guy
in response to the question of why there was such little fanfare with their
last album; “We didn’t feel like it… we didn’t want to explain it.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Radiohead released this album entirely on
their own; there was no concert or interviews promoting the album.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I personally was first made aware of the
album when “The Colbert Report” aired an hour long episode featuring Radiohead
on Sept. 26<sup>th</sup> and I strongly recommend everyone to check it out online.</div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Now
that we got the back story down, let’s get to the album!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I am honestly not a huge Radiohead fan, I
don’t hate them it’s just I find them as more of a mood band (when the mood
hits me.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I also feel like putting a
letter grade on an album is ridiculous; we all have different tastes in music,
ergo ratings are flawed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If you like
Radiohead, buy it; if you are a fan of Alternative Rock it is a must have for
the collection.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I don’t think this is an
album that will bridge the divide between the Rock and Bluegrass scenes so if
you prefer a banjo over a Gibson SG this might not be an album for you.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I will say that although there are some great
songs on this album it is an album in the truest sense.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To fully grasp and appreciate Radiohead’s new
work you need to buy this album and listen to it in its entirety.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Radiohead
I feel channels other great “album” writers like Pink Floyd, The Beatles, and
Bob Dylan.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I have a greater respect for
bands that write great albums as opposed to those that write a couple good
songs and put a bunch of filler on an album.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>“The King of Limbs” is filler free, very eclectic, innovating to listen
to, and one hell of an album to chill too.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In the movie “The Big Lebowski, The Dude got high listening to whale
songs; if they made that move tomorrow he would be listening to this album!</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
William R. Balzer <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<span> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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NPR Piece:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><a href="http://www.npr.org/2011/10/06/141093025/radiohead-everything-in-its-right-place">http://www.npr.org/2011/10/06/141093025/radiohead-everything-in-its-right-place</a></div>
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Colbert Report:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><a href="http://www.colbertnation.com/full-episodes/mon-september-26-2011-radiohead">http://www.colbertnation.com/full-episodes/mon-september-26-2011-radiohead</a></div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-75136882700338404682011-11-14T00:13:00.001-08:002011-11-14T00:29:16.620-08:00The Great Strike / Upheaval of 1877<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9rL1jAdFWT39arH6yxVP687P0shQljq4pWmM7nQkdOGRb3gs-vwXbWc5E3zaE80TUyPqS0AG1unLDnwtLhUCYNfBrG3eJIJSAHjbBg8Ub_vYlfZht9xp6Ks2IM4ajJih7PTmP6ApUzHk/s1600/Railraod-strike+st+louis.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="216" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9rL1jAdFWT39arH6yxVP687P0shQljq4pWmM7nQkdOGRb3gs-vwXbWc5E3zaE80TUyPqS0AG1unLDnwtLhUCYNfBrG3eJIJSAHjbBg8Ub_vYlfZht9xp6Ks2IM4ajJih7PTmP6ApUzHk/s320/Railraod-strike+st+louis.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>My most recent essay covers two
different readings about the Great Strike / Upheaval of 1877.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This event is a very crucial event in American
history and was part of a global movement that was happening around the industrial
world at this time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One of the later mentioned readings
dealt more with the historiography of the event and one dealt more with letters
and accounts of what happened during this pivotal moment in American history. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Now before we delve further into
the essay one must understand what America was like at that time to fully grasp
why the workers were so upset.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After the
U. S Civil War there was an economic boom in the country.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There was relatively 50 years of peace in the
US, (minus a short detour with imperialism in the Spanish – American War) a
massive amount of natural resources and a constant influx of immigrants from war torn
Europe.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All of these factors plus
technological innovations turned the US into an industrial powerhouse.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In essence at this time America became more industrialized
and with all these factors it was a capitalists market meaning that the workers
had a clear disadvantage in regards to bargaining for wages, hours, working conditions, etc.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The whole of organized labor was on the
decline at this time; organized labor in America got its start in the
Jacksonian era and died off with the Panic of 1837.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In the years following the Civil War organized labor grew but with the
economic depression of the 1870’s unions saw their influence and membership drop
dramatically.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>With all these events
being stated let’s look at the Great Strike / Upheaval of 1877<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>So what was this major event in
American history that little is known about except for those whom have made
history their profession?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It started
with a common happening in the depression ridden era of the mid-1870s, a pay
cut.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
Company issued a 10% pay cut to all employees, the second pay reduction in less
than eight months.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Railroad workers in
Martinsburg, West Virginia decided they had had enough and on July 16, 1877,
workers in that town drove all the engines into the roundhouse and boldly
declared that no train would leave until the owners restored their pay. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The local townspeople, miners, and other
workers from the surrounding area gathered at the rail yard to show their
support for the strikers and this was the start of a great showdown between the
workers and the capital barons.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh73mXH9mmsmg4wgucSS58Pvb_ki_UpechBlhe7AwQjc8b04jQLseMrsopXhTocNl3Mn9_SglszfGR6Ev1PMf5DY8fdMwLsfCPBqDZjRInw1E5snB6BmfSGaiY3ZjB1fCFAm3y0BCTPi94/s1600/fr2515.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="272" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh73mXH9mmsmg4wgucSS58Pvb_ki_UpechBlhe7AwQjc8b04jQLseMrsopXhTocNl3Mn9_SglszfGR6Ev1PMf5DY8fdMwLsfCPBqDZjRInw1E5snB6BmfSGaiY3ZjB1fCFAm3y0BCTPi94/s320/fr2515.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">At this time strikes or other actions seen as
disturbances were usually handled at the local level. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The mayor of Martinsburg tried in vain to
threaten the striking workers into going back to work but the crowd stood firm
in its resolve and prevented work from continuing. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The local police were far too small in numbers
and many of them felt sympathy with the strikers considering a lot of them were
family and friends.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In desperation, the
mayor turned to the governor of West Virginia for support. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The governor sent units of the National Guard
to Martinsburg to accompany the trains out of town by force of arms. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some of the guardsmen where in the same predicament
as the local police force and many of these guardsmen where railroad workers
themselves.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After two people were killed
in the standoff, the Guard simply lay down their weapons and began chatting
with members of the crowd.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After the
Governor saw that his guardsmen were ineffective he appealed to President of
the United States Rutherford B. Hayes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>President Hayes sent troops to help move the trains but even then they
were sabotaged and harassed along their routes. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Only one train reached its destination.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif";">Now if this was all that happened it would
have been one of many stories of strikes and unrest during this time but it
soon spread out of the confines of Martinsburg, WV.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Soon other Baltimore and Ohio units joined
the Martinsburg strike as well as competing railroad workers and other types of
workers. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The movement spread into
Pennsylvania, when workers on the Pennsylvania and Reading Railroads joined
their compatriots. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Pittsburgh was the
gateway to the Midwest, and so the strike widened to that region.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One isolated incident in a small town in West
Virginia soon spread all over the United States in cities such as but not limited to
Baltimore, Chicago, St. Louis, Buffalo, Zanesville, Louisville, and Cincinnati.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The police, the National Guard, and the
United States Army clashed with angry mobs throughout America. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Throughout the land, wealthy individuals
feared that the worst had finally come; a violent revolution seemed to be
sweeping the nation.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif";">But as soon as it started then it
stopped.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In some cases the strikes were
ended by force, in others the strikers simply gave up.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The thing to keep in mind is that most
workers were not trying to overthrow the government or the social order; they
simply wanted higher wages and more time to spend with their families. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Great Upheaval was not the first strike in
American history but it was the first mass strike to involve so many different
workers separated by so much space.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif";"><span> </span>
</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Bibliography</span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">Elliot J. Gorn, R. R. (2010). <i>Constructing the
American Past 7th Edition.</i> Prentice Hall.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBibliography" style="margin-left: .5in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">Fraizer, T. R. (2002). <i>The Undersidde of American
History: 5th Edition.</i> International Thomson Publishing.</span></div>
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<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-83195173782768683152011-08-23T17:36:00.000-07:002011-08-23T17:36:46.033-07:00A Modern Modest Proposal<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">A 21st century American take on the 1729 writing of Dr. Jonathan Swift’s “A Modest Proposal”</span></i></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1RkOlctI23lrZG-1SkIySuQmLA_NNwmBCk851TSxtqDN6Bbly-ecUviwyyNh-X5agPGSCqic8thmJGKqAsxsf-zbbz9XtmuX4E6IjritSa-t-wUqh21XVTIUTI_fknNcIOQmVTOfkVa8/s1600/250px-Jonathan_Swift_by_Charles_Jervas_detail.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1RkOlctI23lrZG-1SkIySuQmLA_NNwmBCk851TSxtqDN6Bbly-ecUviwyyNh-X5agPGSCqic8thmJGKqAsxsf-zbbz9XtmuX4E6IjritSa-t-wUqh21XVTIUTI_fknNcIOQmVTOfkVa8/s1600/250px-Jonathan_Swift_by_Charles_Jervas_detail.jpg" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A painting of Jonathan Swift (1.)</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The following essay is satirical:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The original Jonathan Swift essay “A Modest Proposal” has been made public by the Gutenberg online library and can be found at http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1080.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This essay was intended to show the reader that people are more than just a line on a balance sheet and that sometimes the most profitable solution is not the best.</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Pictures if the poor (2,) the elderly (3,) the student (4,) and the worker (5) in America.</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir1ib1KUB5r7vdPbQ1I6BvAKn04n0SrzujP1CRCf6Rfme4Pu4kiVkd-f2rH4Bj3HPVAYBCIUH_a8glzk8GPhy_gN1_FQz3Xox9vXtRsVuBxxiJ2_N9GIMSDwL1dsIse8cJabedJ9DzG18/s1600/lange.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir1ib1KUB5r7vdPbQ1I6BvAKn04n0SrzujP1CRCf6Rfme4Pu4kiVkd-f2rH4Bj3HPVAYBCIUH_a8glzk8GPhy_gN1_FQz3Xox9vXtRsVuBxxiJ2_N9GIMSDwL1dsIse8cJabedJ9DzG18/s200/lange.jpg" width="159" /></a></div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW7AFzR7DL_CUJRRiRNPqwzNmNaGtcwk_7-On0qmLZbnNvLgqMfrntkz-kcwvzMcymZKUCa2Sjjm86xCoNBedp8LJ31UykYyXMhw0ezvBf2S4-nSw1QgNH5iCc5QiawSFtjxXkhet3Fws/s1600/homeless1_482431159.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW7AFzR7DL_CUJRRiRNPqwzNmNaGtcwk_7-On0qmLZbnNvLgqMfrntkz-kcwvzMcymZKUCa2Sjjm86xCoNBedp8LJ31UykYyXMhw0ezvBf2S4-nSw1QgNH5iCc5QiawSFtjxXkhet3Fws/s200/homeless1_482431159.jpg" width="168" /></a></div><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The problems we as a nation face are not unique in the chronicles of history.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For far too long have those at the bottom dragged down society making our once great society a sad shell of its former self.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When looking around in society one can plainly see the woes of the poor, the elderly, the student, the average worker.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We look on these creatures with great empathy and remorse feeling that they are truly one of god’s most helpless creatures.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Poverty is running rampant across our great nation and it seems like an almost futile enterprise trying to stem its growth.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>But are all these issues to be blamed on the current system which is in place or the people who feel they are victim to it?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These topics will not be easy for some to address but I feel they should confronted now rather than letting them fall by the wayside.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzaZpb3FRJhNZaygupTL8wQPcqzRQTUoz8SAYiZ-eQ4T7cD9WnanvMILRPwQqTTlTUJVzLfkaWpEZDbjO8qKerrdsjzirfOXQ9dQdq5MSvr84x7tvLQR5Tmu-K3Q81VqiC7urXUC91TWQ/s1600/2009-saw-the-largest-single-year-increase-in-the-us-poverty-rate-since-the-us-government-began-calculating-poverty-figures-back-in-1959.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzaZpb3FRJhNZaygupTL8wQPcqzRQTUoz8SAYiZ-eQ4T7cD9WnanvMILRPwQqTTlTUJVzLfkaWpEZDbjO8qKerrdsjzirfOXQ9dQdq5MSvr84x7tvLQR5Tmu-K3Q81VqiC7urXUC91TWQ/s320/2009-saw-the-largest-single-year-increase-in-the-us-poverty-rate-since-the-us-government-began-calculating-poverty-figures-back-in-1959.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"> Poverty is alive in well unfortunately still in America (6.) </span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Old English Text MT"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In Regards to the Poor…</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">The poor cannot find work for several reasons; one of these reasons is that the labour markets are hurting in various sectors but the major reason is the result of these peoples own doing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Poor labour markets are out there, but America is the land of opportunity, the land where anyone can work if they <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">CHOOSE </i>to.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Responsibility must be taken by these creatures if they wish to become members of our great society once again.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Under employment is an illusion and should be washed from the nations psyche if we wish to move forward.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Great employers in the retail and fast food industry will gladly hire these people if they would merely apply.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The minimum wage salaries offered by these corporations is more than a fair wage for any being in this line of work.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If by chance these unfortunate beings cannot afford to support themselves and their families on a minimum wage salary than they must make the necessary changes to their lifestyle to do so.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Government cannot be burdened with their problems and short comings; the government must remain focused on helping those who truly need its help, our financial sector, oil companies and corporations.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Unless these “poor” people make an attempt to do something with their lives our society will continue to falter on the way of progress.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbz9rZ8njEOM-qg12qXGp9QWcgVM0hGxwz2mpk5tOEh-ZiFYu6hp4SJDgt85GLNGAtWLoTAFhLgkmsBV4YZuiPnvMtq-sDhztEH8tq240Y6jbn8ylktPJmQFlDaBhvI5pyAjPKK691Gxw/s1600/prescription-drugs.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbz9rZ8njEOM-qg12qXGp9QWcgVM0hGxwz2mpk5tOEh-ZiFYu6hp4SJDgt85GLNGAtWLoTAFhLgkmsBV4YZuiPnvMtq-sDhztEH8tq240Y6jbn8ylktPJmQFlDaBhvI5pyAjPKK691Gxw/s320/prescription-drugs.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">The fountain of youth can now be found in pill form (7.) </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Old English Text MT"; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 115%;">In Regards to the Elderly…</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">The elderly say they cannot afford the amenities they wish to possess like health care or medications which is sad but if they would have planned for such things in their working years they would not be suffering from these maladies now. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">RESPONSIBILITY</i> for ones future is the job of the individual, not the government.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The story of the ant and the grass hopper come to mind when people speak of the woes of the elderly in this great nation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If we as a nation are to cave into the selfish demands of those who are advanced in years than we shall have nothing for our future generations and the current generation will be left paying for those who chose not to plan wisely.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The elderly are the least productive members of society and with that being taken into effect, their wants should be considered as so.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Where is the fairness in rewarding those who currently provide nothing and ask for the biggest share?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Their lack of planning should not be rewarded but rather paraded in the streets to give an example to the current procrastinators who one day (assuming they live long enough) will take their place.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The proper action is not always easy, but seldom are they in life. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjp9wkT4_k63NKW7ck8v-rS_YDdNkeAp5xbUWR56yTyMjGHX0oR19T6MrU1UZy3lUg7ZK8l50EVjULxoZiZicCsiaS5_2O7ZpRulBxGhS38ujNh10AkAxBeexnCwFtwn2hd2N_6UifqC-c/s1600/article-page-main-ehow-uk-images-a07-no-ol-homeless-children-america-800x800.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjp9wkT4_k63NKW7ck8v-rS_YDdNkeAp5xbUWR56yTyMjGHX0oR19T6MrU1UZy3lUg7ZK8l50EVjULxoZiZicCsiaS5_2O7ZpRulBxGhS38ujNh10AkAxBeexnCwFtwn2hd2N_6UifqC-c/s1600/article-page-main-ehow-uk-images-a07-no-ol-homeless-children-america-800x800.jpg" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Poverty, unlike drinking has no minimum age requirement (8.)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Old English Text MT"; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 115%;">In Regards to the Student…</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span> </span>Students who are primarily the young are one of the biggest <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">DRAINS </i>on society.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Until a person reaches their teenage years they are a constant burden.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Need of food, clothing, and shelter without any positive contribution is a larger travesty than the elderly issue; the elderly have at least been productive members of society at one time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Not only do children not provide any practical use but they ask for more than merely enough to survive, they wish to have free education as well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Nothing including freedom in this great nation is free and that is why a drastic rethinking is needed in regards to education.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Why should workers who are not children or have no children bear the responsibility of children and those who have them?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The problem also does not end when a child reaches adulthood; if a child goes to college that cannot afford it he continues to drain the nation even more.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For far too long we have put education for all ages on a throne and it is now time that we analyze this view.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A solution to this endless drain on our coffers must be addressed if solvency is to be attained!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVC4l6PWAai79b3q7PSvQ5f9z5jxJJTIyWim_2RoJBnUWZuvHKahZu3nZ8wKhX3fzv_2YMXpuDfE8hGdg1OgmgnKaGDCU44VHB6lG22KThuzFBX418x8PSQjQOfXgMO3deHXW2LHbYpDo/s1600/great-depression-soup-line.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVC4l6PWAai79b3q7PSvQ5f9z5jxJJTIyWim_2RoJBnUWZuvHKahZu3nZ8wKhX3fzv_2YMXpuDfE8hGdg1OgmgnKaGDCU44VHB6lG22KThuzFBX418x8PSQjQOfXgMO3deHXW2LHbYpDo/s320/great-depression-soup-line.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif; font-size: small;">A picture is worth a 1,000 words (9.)</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Old English Text MT"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In Regards to the Worker…</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span> </span>The American worker is grossly <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">INEFFICIENT</i> as compared to workers around the world and is also over compensated and underworked.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Around the world workers are willing to work for a fraction of the pay American workers are; if we cannot bring the foreign world up to our standards than we must lower ours to be competitive once again.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Laws put in place in our recent history have kept the American worker uncompetitive with his foreign foes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Abolition of some of these laws may be the only way to restore a manufacturing base in this nation, tariffs on imported goods is no solution to this problem; we must attack the source of the problem which is the American worker.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimgCkt6MlrS4wAH1MK5gKOPMh-BLwNR5i2J5r3fZQFQgTryrk3QnldcemRYoC3pKFpG8ocZp3QBQRKDAmEr-BLFvvsBDZapt3sqZPiu8-s6TIcEi-dCbtXgeSOYQAyyOHcr5THenKpyGs/s1600/200402290002_01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="215" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimgCkt6MlrS4wAH1MK5gKOPMh-BLwNR5i2J5r3fZQFQgTryrk3QnldcemRYoC3pKFpG8ocZp3QBQRKDAmEr-BLFvvsBDZapt3sqZPiu8-s6TIcEi-dCbtXgeSOYQAyyOHcr5THenKpyGs/s320/200402290002_01.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Old English Text MT"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;">Just think... If we really try we could have this (10?)</span> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Old English Text MT"; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 115%;">My Humble Solution…</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Here lies the issue with all great problems; once the source of waste or maleficence has been identified how do we correct the problem?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I have my beliefs on possible solutions but I feel that those who hold elected office should be the ones to decide on this, not myself or any other American voter or tax payer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My solutions will involve drastic and in some cases painful decisions but I want everyone to realize that we are doing this for the future and we can no longer afford to put these choices off.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>My solution to the “poor” is as followed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>American’s who are poor are poor by choice; if one cannot find a job he must deal with that on his own.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>No government assistance should be provided and if one chooses to remain in unemployment than the government should by all means put him to work doing hard labour for no pay; the government in this case will provide these creatures with the adequate living essentials (A cot in a barracks, surplus food, and an hour of electricity seems adequate in my view.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Once this person is no longer useful for such tasks or if he refuses to do so his organs and tissue may be harvested and sold to those who work and take care of themselves or they may be sold to science so they can be used for experimentation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The work these creatures provide and their disposal will be more than enough to pay for their keep and in some cases may result in a profit for the government.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The issue of the elderly is tougher to solve considering they offer very little to society in their current state.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A solution could be found though where they can be profitable again.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This solution is only for the elderly who do not draw a pension of some kind or who have received more in Social Security and Medicaid benefits than they paid in; those who do not meet these qualifications are free to live how they wish until they fall below the stated requirement.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The living conditions will be the same as with the poor and the disposal of should be the same as well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Wasteful spending in health care will in no way be tolerated for any of these people while they are in the camps since they will never be able to work long enough to pay for it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They will perform the same tasks as the poor but the elderly will have to perform the tasks that are higher in risk and have a higher chance of exposure to toxins.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The reason behind this is since they have such little time left on this planet their long term safety or health is of no concern.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is also more profitable to expose them to these conditions as opposed to the poor because the poor may live for several years or even decades longer than the elderly under these conditions turning a massive profit for the government.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Free kindergarten through high school education should no longer be free under this system.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We can operate these schools under the same premise as we do our universities.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If a child or said child’s family wishes of it to receive an education they will have to pay for it directly; a loan system may be installed to give those without means the opportunity to attend school but if a default occurs then the child will be forced to live in the work camp under the same conditions of as the poor and the remains will be handled likewise.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If the child is too young to work at the time of default then a parent must then take his place till either the debt has been paid or the child has reached the required age to be a laborer (approximately 12 years of age would be the average age, but this again is up to the members of our Congress.)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Grants and most forms of financial aid should be eliminated from the college process; student loans will still be allowed to exist.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Again, if default occurs then that student will have to work in the labour camps until the debt has been absolved and if he becomes ill or should die his remains shall be handled like the others mentioned before.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Funding for state universities should be cut dramatically if not completely.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Students and teachers alike are given too many creature comforts like heating in the winter, air conditioning in the summer, and state of the art libraries and computers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The comforts are not panned of course, places of learning are allowed to have such things but only if they can afford to do so with the tuition that is raised.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Education is not mandatory in this country so those who do not wish to adhere to these standards need not apply to any school in the first place.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The American worker must be willing to be competitive with foreign labour whatever the cost.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If this means that the worker will have to relinquish some of his creature comforts like the minimum wage, the forty hour work week or OSHA standards then so be it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For far too long have we let worker safety hold this country back and it is time that we put profitability above all else.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If workers are unwilling to adhere to these standards than again, the labour camps will be their fate and they will be handled the same as the poor and those who have defaulted on an education.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although this plan may seem cold at first we will solve the financial issues the government it currently facing and cut the national deficit dramatically.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>No longer will government monies be wasted on those who refuse to help themselves; government will then be able to focus on attracting businesses through tax incentives and the art of war.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One may view this proposal as a harsh and unforgiving world but I see it as a world in which deficits are a thing of the past and the future will be free of debt and those who wish to attack the government economically through their lack of ambition.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Works Cited</span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">"File:Jonathan Swift by Charles Jervas Detail.jpg." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 23 Aug. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Jonathan_Swift_by_Charles_Jervas_detail.jpg>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">"Who Is Poor in America, and Why? - Maggie's Farm." Maggie's Farm. 7 May 2007. Web. <http://maggiesfarm.anotherdotcom.com/archives/5223-Who-is-poor-in-America,-and-why.html>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Stone, Kathlyn. "Elderly American Homelessness on the Rise." Flesh and Stone. 13 Apr. 2010. Web. <http://www.fleshandstone.net/policy_trends/1802.html>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">"Photo, Picture of African American Girl Student Studying, Stock Photos, Image." Photos of People, Minorities, Elderly,children,education,families,teens,adults,ethnic Photos, Stock Photography. Web. 23 Aug. 2011. <http://www.harrycutting.com/photos_people/education-picture-65-IC5032.htm>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Affordable Health Care Insurance Plans NH ME MA New England. Web. 23 Aug. 2011. <http://www.balancecarehealth.com/>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Snyder, Michael. "15 Shocking Facts About Poverty In America." Business Insider. Web. 23 Aug. 2011. <http://www.businessinsider.com/15-shocking-facts-about-poverty-in-america-2010-9?op=1>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Mase, Randolph. "The Risks of Prescription Drugs « Randolph Mase’s Weblog." Randolph Mase’s Weblog. Web. 23 Aug. 2011. <http://randolphmase.wordpress.com/2011/05/16/the-risks-of-prescription-drugs/>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">"In America." Voices of Glory Global Ministries. Web. 23 Aug. 2011. <http://voicesofgloryglobalministries.org/ministries/americ>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">"Vintage Vivant » Archive » Great Depression Inspiration." Vintage Vivant. Web. 23 Aug. 2011. <http://vintagevivant.com/2011/06/11/great-depression-inspiration/>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">"Inside a North Korean Labor Camp." Update News. Blogger.com. Web. 23 Aug. 2011. <http://updatedfrequently.com/inside-a-north-korean-labor-camp/>.</span></div>William R. 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</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Are the free presses of the United States really “free?”</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXs7ioEUvuvI-AkTSEhjYg8o0WWiUrNZc8NsiC1bB-0Bhq2rz27PnjWt4DtEtv6UNJMrRbdfOSllWFXahvO8aP7IcBOZxYitpBNZCp-OlWNuroqiIBbiGZynz_MmOf9U8TwD5dw3faR4U/s1600/printing-press-tyrants-foe.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="199" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXs7ioEUvuvI-AkTSEhjYg8o0WWiUrNZc8NsiC1bB-0Bhq2rz27PnjWt4DtEtv6UNJMrRbdfOSllWFXahvO8aP7IcBOZxYitpBNZCp-OlWNuroqiIBbiGZynz_MmOf9U8TwD5dw3faR4U/s320/printing-press-tyrants-foe.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Freedom of the Press has always been a key to the American way of life (1.)</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">"The illusion of freedom will continue as long as it's profitable to continue the illusion. At the point where the illusion becomes too expensive to maintain, they will just take down the scenery, they will pull back the curtains, they will move the tables and chairs out of the way and you will see the brick wall at the back of the theater, Frank Zappa (2.)”</span></i></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In the United States we feel that we have many freedoms; freedoms of religion, speech, press, assembly, and so on.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Rarely ever do we question if these rights are free, I mean truly free.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By free I mean free of corruption and influence.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although these questions can be asked of all of our freedoms I would particularly like to focus on our press.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Is the press in the United States free of influence and corruption?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Now before we go too far into this subject I want to make clear that I realize there are exceptions to every rule; some media outlets do a better job than others and even some media outlets are good at times and misleading at others.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There are many reason why we are facing the issues we are with our press.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Everything from profits, apathy, to a lack of competition can be a source of blame in the issue of not having a free press in the United States.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Media here in the United States is not free from bias and one of the major reasons for this is because of our economy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The United States is not utopia; it is not free from the harsh realities that plague the entire race of mankind.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Profits and greed have always been a point of contention in anything and everything and the press is no different.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Higher ratings means more advertisements, which means more money is placed for sacrifice at the altar of truth and our press has been praying at this altar for quite some time now.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Profits are not bad but money has a way of corrupting those who are receiving it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Take for example the story of Edward R. Murrow in the movie “Good Night and Good Luck (3;)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mr. Murrow was trying to educate the public to possible dangers and his ratings slipped because civic responsibility and accountability are not exactly considered fun or sexy by the average American viewer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is much more fun in the opinions of some to say the hell with it, to check out and let other people worry about problems that are important and affect our way of life but are deemed a bummer by public opinion.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKUJjK6s5vMQgwrjsmX5XEChqZrN7RXA51gSNUsZC8zoTfcYBqyZNiCjLJ9tlaTbGnQTQicLhrpfV2ZZW9IRe8p18NWbH3HfZZPkPf-nLtHUTGuxnOzBRHV08P2ybLEkVtoCRaoI7pjg0/s1600/freedom_of_the_press_internet_tshirt-p235115868350381210ckfj_400.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKUJjK6s5vMQgwrjsmX5XEChqZrN7RXA51gSNUsZC8zoTfcYBqyZNiCjLJ9tlaTbGnQTQicLhrpfV2ZZW9IRe8p18NWbH3HfZZPkPf-nLtHUTGuxnOzBRHV08P2ybLEkVtoCRaoI7pjg0/s320/freedom_of_the_press_internet_tshirt-p235115868350381210ckfj_400.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">We joke but is this now the only place where the press is still free (4?)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The money in the press is an issue but the apathy of the common American is what enables this profit driven behavior.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If the average American seeks only entertainment and not enlightenment then the most entertaining story will be covered and the stories that affect our wellbeing may become ignored if we allow them to.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Take for example the trial of Casey Anthony.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>American’s were glued to the TV, internet, and radio waiting to hear the next turn in the case.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although this is a sad case was there something else the American people should have been watching; I would argue yes. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Negotiations on the debt ceiling, the slaughter of Syrians trying to bring a democracy to their country, the Greek debt crisis, two wars overseas and the biggest crack downs in China since the Tiananmen Square occurred during the Casey Antony trial with little attention paid to them by the average American. Incidents such as these affect our lives more than the trial of Casey Anthony whether we realize it or not. I am not saying that a small child being killed in such a brutal way does not deserve some coverage in the press, but some cable news networks seemed to make it their one and only story.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">I also feel that the lack of competition amongst the press makes our situation even worse.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Many didn’t realize up until the News of the World scandal that many of our media organizations are owned by a select few media conglomerates.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Again this is a byproduct of a capitalist system; if a company cannot crush competition it will merely buy it and accomplish the same end goal.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Competition to get the next big story is what spurred the press to do their job in the past but if everyone has the same script then where is the incentive to dig for the next big story?</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">So is press in the United States free?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is to a degree but until the whole of the American people stand up and demand responsible news and boycott those who merely spout hate filled rhetoric things will remain the status quo.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A renaissance is need desperately in the press, a rebirth of responsible journalism.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have the tools to do the job better than we ever did in the past but apathy enables greed and responsibility and mind numbing entertainment do not always coincide with each other.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In closing I would like to quote a journalist who saw the writing on the wall in the 1950’s, Edward R. Murrow:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">“We are currently wealthy, fat, comfortable and complacent. We have currently a built-in allergy to unpleasant or disturbing information. Our mass media reflect this. But unless we get up off our fat surpluses and recognize that television in the main is being used to distract, delude, amuse and insulate us, then television and those who finance it, those who look at it and those who work at it, may see a totally different picture too late (5.)</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Works Cited</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">USWeapon. "Freedom of the Press Under Duress?" Standupforamerica.com. Blogger.com. Web. 25 July 2011. <http://standupforamerica.wordpress.com/2010/05/31/freedom-of-the-press-under-duress/>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">"Quote by Frank Zappa: "The Illusion of Freedom Will Continue as Long as I..."" Share Book Recommendations With Your Friends, Join Book Clubs, Answer Trivia. Web. 25 July 2011. <http://www.goodreads.com/quotes/show/12280>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Government, Its Own. "Good Night, and Good Luck. (2005) - IMDb." The Internet Movie Database (IMDb). Web. 25 July 2011. <http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0433383/>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">"Freedom of the (Press) Internet Shirts from Zazzle.com." Zazzle | Custom T-Shirts, Personalized Gifts, Posters, Art, and More. Web. 25 July 2011. <http://www.zazzle.com/freedom_of_the_press_internet_tshirt-235115868350381210>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">"Edward R. Murrow." Wikiquote. Web. 25 July 2011. <http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Edward_R._Murrow>.</span></div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-91785151374896946462011-07-12T21:58:00.000-07:002011-07-12T21:58:11.030-07:00Influence of the Military Industrial Complex; Concern or Not?<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibiPwv3ty8KrnzYbWdBxRdkXuKDlirfSnNklV0ulS-vdilQiYjsWuqR8mTQ0h7b-FCGp-m2bOtpQTChUejnO9iDqlrUNoo9oJOZYlXSbMZZLQnmwuwH1mmKhtnObuJihubXBqsE4ZLSM4/s1600/ron_paul_can_save_us_from_the_military-industrial_complex.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibiPwv3ty8KrnzYbWdBxRdkXuKDlirfSnNklV0ulS-vdilQiYjsWuqR8mTQ0h7b-FCGp-m2bOtpQTChUejnO9iDqlrUNoo9oJOZYlXSbMZZLQnmwuwH1mmKhtnObuJihubXBqsE4ZLSM4/s1600/ron_paul_can_save_us_from_the_military-industrial_complex.jpg" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Eisenhower farewell address was controversial for it's time making the covers of papers (1.)</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In the councils of government, we must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the military-industrial complex</span></i><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"> (2.) Dwight D. Eisenhower</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span> </span>Upon leaving the office of the presidency many of our presidents have given farewell addresses.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Most of these speeches are generally reminiscent and for the most part ignored.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The exception to this rule is the farewell address that President Dwight D. Eisenhower gave when leaving office on January 17<sup>th</sup> 1961.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The former Supreme commander of Allied forces during World War II and then U.S president from 1953 till 1961 warned about a new possible threat to American liberties, the military industrial complex.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The military industrial complex is something that got its start during World War II and has been in place ever since.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Before World War II, when the United States had entered war, manufactures transitioned from whatever they were producing to armaments; an example of this would be an automobile producer that starts making tanks and planes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After World War II the Cold War started and armaments were produced constantly in the United States.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Soon the production of these weapons became a large part of the American economy and the government’s budget. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Eisenhower warned upon leaving office that letting this industry become too powerful and too influential in American politics could affect our freedoms down the road.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span> </span>Some American’s view today’s military industrial complex as the dark, shadowy force that Eisenhower warned of, some American’s view this as paranoia predominately from the left, and even some are indifferent to the whole situation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The question this essay attempts to ask is which of these views are true?</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span> </span>The problem with questions such as these as with other conspiracy theories is that it is hard to tell when the line of fact and fiction has been crossed. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to Dr. Andrew Feight of Shawnee State University:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 28.35pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">“When a conspiracy theory becomes a conspiracy theory is when people start to try connecting the dots.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When we take the dots and start connecting them, sometimes it’s a valid connection, sometimes it isn’t (3.)”</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span> </span>Using this approach lets analyze what is fact and what is fiction.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Defense spending in 2009 as figured by War Resisters League made up approximately 54% not including entitlement programs and 20% including these programs (4.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The following pie charts represent both of these calculations and a <a href="http://www.warresisters.org/pages/piechart.htm">link</a> has been provided to their website for the reader to ascertain all the information this organization lists.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhip_FlPyJmWhmwhzxB-FCW2OYHHDxdo4GAjbLM5dz8CYP0GxT_cb0oI8ayYEq3utv7Ys28rnfOI5cBs-6jKjsnNBczltiV_WlEYL7df9bSIaaAaEqZnd_d40M29C2_s325cbEJShuxHy4/s1600/FY09_deception.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhip_FlPyJmWhmwhzxB-FCW2OYHHDxdo4GAjbLM5dz8CYP0GxT_cb0oI8ayYEq3utv7Ys28rnfOI5cBs-6jKjsnNBczltiV_WlEYL7df9bSIaaAaEqZnd_d40M29C2_s325cbEJShuxHy4/s1600/FY09_deception.gif" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Above: This chart shows the percentage of the annual budget that goes towards Defense spending including entitlements.</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrN988yPOlxZNVfVaenLoSO0v-ZR7AWA11EqGmYGTt5jRUuRNL9UmVsFPOfU_HdoVE-IAp_IIc3O8iIjfWa01ipSivrnZpZuDL-d7GzMQU1fd0Guh23FBsYRnWbMnod7LxcYdtMQVEcTI/s1600/pieFY09.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="319" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrN988yPOlxZNVfVaenLoSO0v-ZR7AWA11EqGmYGTt5jRUuRNL9UmVsFPOfU_HdoVE-IAp_IIc3O8iIjfWa01ipSivrnZpZuDL-d7GzMQU1fd0Guh23FBsYRnWbMnod7LxcYdtMQVEcTI/s320/pieFY09.gif" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Above: The annual budget not including entitlement programs.</td></tr>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Now whether to consider entitlements part of the budget or not is an essay in and of itself so for simplicities sake I believe it is easier just to look at the conservative estimates for now.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My hypothesis is that if conservative estimates seem high in regards to expense towards the American tax payer than the actual cost must be far worse.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 28.35pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation released a report in 2009 showing the growth in defense spending from 2000 till 2009.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the nine years covered by this report defense spending increased by $300 billion or an increase of 39% which averages out to about $16 billion a year(5.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The following is a chart they provided showing the results of their findings and a <a href="http://armscontrolcenter.org/policy/securityspending/articles/022609_fy10_topline_growth_decade/">link</a> to their website: </span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 28.35pt;"><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrtRkNOsn9S6kyO7y8vtT9ZjU1kebLR9Oc5qc59YesxUzSp-gjgT3PSbUnEobqSUmQnnyfw5B0iKcRG1PZgL-OVs-EqMtCX0LP_9WvzIAV6Bhy1YSBSkqvhjrzlmMSe_bnseTwOSbNSc4/s1600/fy10topline_crt1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="301" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrtRkNOsn9S6kyO7y8vtT9ZjU1kebLR9Oc5qc59YesxUzSp-gjgT3PSbUnEobqSUmQnnyfw5B0iKcRG1PZgL-OVs-EqMtCX0LP_9WvzIAV6Bhy1YSBSkqvhjrzlmMSe_bnseTwOSbNSc4/s400/fy10topline_crt1.JPG" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Above: The chart above shows the increase in Defense spending over from 2000 till 2009.</td></tr>
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">These numbers were adjusted for inflation and taken from the U.S Dept. of Defense and the Office of Management and Budget, U.S Congress.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Considering that these sources would logically give a conservative to accurate estimate, I would conclude that military spending in this nation is an issue. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 28.35pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In conclusion, I think the military industrial complex is taking advantage of the American people and their government, but I also feel that it is not too late to correct this.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In this time of economic crisis cuts need to be made to our defense spending in a substantial way.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My biggest fear of cutting the budget of the military is that it seems that when we do cut their budget the military industrial complex suffers nowhere near the level of veterans who get their benefits cut.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Making cuts to veteran’s benefits is not right, nor is it the solution to the greater problem.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We cannot afford to cut military spending out completely but we can definitely afforded to make some cuts to our new armament expenditures.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 28.35pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 28.35pt;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The following is a link to President Dwight D. Eisenhower’s farewell address:</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8y06NSBBRtY"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8y06NSBBRtY</span></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Works Cited</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Steyn, Mark. Steynian435.wordpress.com. Blog at WordPress.com, 26 Jan. 2011. Web. <http://steynian.wordpress.com/2011/01/26/steynian-435/>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Eisenhower, Dwight D. "Farwell Address to the Nation." 1961 Presidential Farwell Address. White House, Washington D.C. 17 Jan. 1961. Speech.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Feight, Andrew. "Lecture on Paranoia." Class Lecture. Massie Hall, Portsmouth, Ohio. 7 July 2012. Lecture.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">"The Federal Pie Chart." War Resisters League. Web. 13 July 2011. <http://www.warresisters.org/pages/piechart.htm>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">"Growth in U.S. Defense Spending Over the Last Decade." Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation. Web. 13 July 2011. <http://armscontrolcenter.org/policy/securityspending/articles/022609_fy10_topline_growth_decade/>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 46.35pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">"YouTube - </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Eisenhower Warns Us of the Military Industrial Complex.</span><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria;"></span><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">." YouTube - Broadcast Yourself. Web. 13 July 2011. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8y06NSBBRtY>.</span></div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-76453641117400962642011-05-01T14:27:00.000-07:002011-05-01T14:27:52.043-07:00Understanding the Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg59qqtbm4_ugHNki1vzif_gG-QPrymAC97AZraC-94_YgDwSGxP1vCIHZ5JLaOLk5ZQ0033XJnqztd0fNSFx5I1TfvYKWv1n6TBtNJhVvohrH5ljrOprXCY4aqtXh9dh25Dlu89SozCTM/s1600/Ethnic_cleansing_in_Palestine_by_Latuff2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="255" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg59qqtbm4_ugHNki1vzif_gG-QPrymAC97AZraC-94_YgDwSGxP1vCIHZ5JLaOLk5ZQ0033XJnqztd0fNSFx5I1TfvYKWv1n6TBtNJhVvohrH5ljrOprXCY4aqtXh9dh25Dlu89SozCTM/s400/Ethnic_cleansing_in_Palestine_by_Latuff2.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">Above: Political cartoon expressing the view of many Palestinians (3)</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">When initially reading the title of the book, “The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine” by Ilan Pappe, the title brought fourth many questions for me; the one of the utmost importance in regards to this essay is what exactly is ethnic cleansing?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There are many different definitions for the term ethnic cleansing; one definition provided by the Merriam Webster online dictionary is the following:</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">“The expulsion, imprisonment, or killing of an ethnic minority by a dominant majority in order to achieve ethnic homogeneity” (1)</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The situation in Palestine is close to this definition but not a perfect fit.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Palestinian’s for the majority of the Arab / Israeli Conflict have made up a majority of the population, or at the very least a slight minority.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Where this definition is correct in application is everywhere else.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Palestinians have faced expulsion, imprisonment, and death at the hands of the Israelis and although they are considered by most to make up the majority they are definitely not the dominant power.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The author starts off the first chapter with a quotation of what ethnic cleansing means to him.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The definition he adheres to is as followed:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">“It is the present writer’s view that ethnic cleansing is a well-defined policy of a particular group of persons to systematically eliminate another group from a given territory on the basis of religious, ethnic or national origin.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Such a policy involves violence and is very often connected with military operations.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is to be achieved by all possible means, from discrimination to extermination, and entails violations of human rights and international humanitarian law…” (2) </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Although this definition doesn’t seem that different than the definition listed in Merriam Webster dictionary I feel that it is essential for the writer to establish what he defines as ethnic cleansing so he will then be able to defend his view adequately.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Defining ethnic cleansing may seem like a frivolously act by some but it is necessary for several reasons.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>One of the main reasons it is relevant to list a definition of a term such as ethnic cleansing is because it reminds the reader what exactly the term entails.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I will be very honest, at the beginning of the semester when I was purchasing this book for class, when I first saw the title and saw ethnic cleansing my mind didn’t go towards the Arab / Israeli Conflict.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When I saw the term ethnic cleansing I initially thought Nazi Germany, Rwanda, Darfur, the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia, Bosnia, Armenian’s under Ottoman rule ; but Palestine never really came to mind for me.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I think there are several reasons for this and a logical explanation to why I never considered Israeli actions towards indigenous Palestinians as ethnic cleansing.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>One of the major reasons for this point of view is ignorance; I am ashamed to admit it in all honesty but ignorance towards the entire situation in Palestine is a major reason I held the views I did towards the conflict.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I am a lifelong resident of the United States and other than a recent stent in listening to the BBC online I have always been exposed to American media and by default American views on situations.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The American government has been very biased in this fight since the late 1940’s.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The United States government supported the Israeli government through the Cold War and despite the end of the Cold War has continued to do so.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I am not saying that it is wrong that the United States and Israel should be allies; but when you are trying to negotiate a peace between two warring “nations,” isn’t it a better approach to treat both sides as equals and not to give one side a clear favor?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When one is trying to get two sides to agree to something it is better for the mediator to be un-biased and in regards to the Arab / Israeli Conflict the United States is definitely biased.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I was honestly unaware of the violent actions taken by the Israeli government towards the indigenous Palestinian population.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I knew that Israel was guilty of being oppressive towards the Palestinians but I never understood to what extent Israel went to oppress the Palestinians.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I attribute this ignorance towards the United States and its pro-Israeli bias; the media in this nation only gives one side of the story and I feel that if one wants to truly understand the issue, perspective needs to be critically analyzed and both sides of the story need to be evaluated and reported, not just one side of the issue. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">Now again, to establish to my readers that I am not biased as well or even Anti-American, I am going to state that all media is biased to a certain degree and that media leans to a particular societies views of moral rights and wrongs whether they realize it or not. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There are no universal moral guidelines, although some moral rules are accepted by all like views on murder, rape, theft, and other ideas; although some will argue that different societies even view what is right and wrong on these issues differently as well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Regardless of a person’s cultural background, ethnic cleansing is commonly accepted as wrong in all modern developed societies.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So how could it be that a people morally opposed to ethnic cleansing can stand idly by and watch it happen?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The answer to this question I guess again falls to ignorance.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I realize I speak for myself and myself only when I say this but in the past when I heard the term ethnic cleansing I thought of murder and death.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If that is the view of ethnic cleansing that one hold s true to and is unaware of the 1948 Arab / Israeli War as well as other examples of Palestinian ethnic cleansing how can that person see the actions taken by Israel as ethnic cleansing?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The answer is that a person does not see it as ethnic cleansing at all and this I believe is why the majority of Americans do not see any fault in Israel’s actions of the past and present.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The combination of taking a course that was focused solely on the Arab / Israeli conflict and having the author define ethnic cleansing was enough to open my eyes to what ethnic cleansing really is.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I realize that this seems naive and some would view me as a “sheep” but when one is exposed to the news about the conflict that most American’s are who can fault American’s for having the views that they do?</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>A counter to this argument would be that we live in a inter connected online world and that access to what is really going on is now attainable for the masses so the view that Israel is completely in the right is now indefensible.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I understand this point of view and I think that the growing of news on the internet has caused many American’s to change their views on the Arab / Israeli conflict.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For far too long we in America have taken for granted that our media is being honest; but in today’s world where news corporations like Fox News and MSNBC are broadcasting into more and more homes and ideologues like Glenn Beck, Rush Limbaugh, Rachel Maddow and Ed Schultz are becoming more and more isolated from the center a lot of Americans are taking it upon themselves to get news for themselves and not absorb the fundamentalist dribble that is force fed to them by these cooprorate media entities.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>More and more Americans are tuning in, reading, and listening to news sources such as NPR, the BBC, and Al Jazeera to name a few.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I do not feel that any of these news organizations are completely biased either but they appear to have a less motivated agenda and the only agenda for media in my opinion is to educate the masses on the truth and not feed them propaganda.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>So in closing has ethnic cleansing occurred in Palestine?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The answer to that question is absolutely, yes in my opinion.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Is the book “The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine” by Ilan Pappe a good read for anyone trying to understand the Arab / Israeli Conflict better?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Again in my humble opinion I would say yes as well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If someone was to ask me where the best place to get news on the region is I don’t know if I could answer that.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When reading books and articles on the region as well as watching or listening to news the one thing I always keep an eye and ear out for is; does the source use facts and statistics or rhetoric?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Rhetoric may be inspiring but in that same regard Hitler, Stalin, and Pol Pot were magnificent in rhetoric and monsters in real life; do not let the rhetorical argument win the day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Works Cited</b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 43.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>"Ethnic - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary." Dictionary and Thesaurus - Merriam-Webster Online. Web. 01 May 2011. <http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ethnic>.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 43.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Pappé, Ilan. Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine. Oxford: Oneworld, 2006. Print.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 43.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Lat Uff 2. "Ethnic Cleansing in Palestine by ~Latuff2 on DeviantART." Latuff2 on DeviantART. Deviant Art. Web. 01 May 2011. <http://latuff2.deviantart.com/art/Ethnic-cleansing-in-Palestine-160496766>.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 43.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
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</div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-14998127825837681002011-04-27T20:44:00.000-07:002011-04-27T20:44:49.388-07:00Mao Zedong and His Rise to Power<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjwXT8qqIvPzRAqCK8PoySAFPnCjYtaMbJsWXUNpTF0N3Odt-Z53V6nF0zI06K-7I-ygVUECNUTORikGDT53COBsR3Ec6VzgMzKG3_o4nxCTRa8oYLj6y2zSdeP60Oi_phtqZ6Dyf8fhU/s1600/mao-zedong.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjwXT8qqIvPzRAqCK8PoySAFPnCjYtaMbJsWXUNpTF0N3Odt-Z53V6nF0zI06K-7I-ygVUECNUTORikGDT53COBsR3Ec6VzgMzKG3_o4nxCTRa8oYLj6y2zSdeP60Oi_phtqZ6Dyf8fhU/s1600/mao-zedong.jpg" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mao at his apex of power (8)</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Mao Zedong also known as Chairman Mao or simply Mao was born on December 26, 1893 and died on September 9, 1976.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mao was a man of many faces; he was a revolutionary, head of state, poet, political scientist, and the father of modern day China among other things.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mao was the chief architect of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and held its top seat of power from its conception in 1949 till his death in 1976.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mao is considered a Marxist by some but others would contend that the changes he brought to Marxist theory classify his theories as a separate branch of Marxism.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Those who feel this way consider the Communism of Mao “Maoism;” similar to Marxism but different.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mao had different theories on revolution among other things than Marx; some of those differences will be confronted later when discussing some of Mao’s writings.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The focus of this essay will be how Mao rose to power in the Communist power and eventually all of China.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To understand his story one must first understand his eary years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The common man and woman in China identified with Mao and the reason for this was because he came from them, he was one of them in their eyes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mao was born in Shaoshan, China the son of a poor peasant who later became a prosperous famer and grain dealer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In Mao’s early life he bounced in between school and working on the farm; when Mao was 18 the Xinhai Revolution broke out against Qing rule in China.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mao joined the Revolutionary Army in Hunan.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A year later the war was over and Mao left the army and eventually returned to school.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By 1921 Mao was in and out of school, moving and taking odd jobs, identified himself as a Marxist</span> <span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">in theory and to some extent in action and was one of the members of a small group that founded the Chinese Communist Party.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgA_d_X1JKj-FkDGjeJHFL7R89QKnO8H3oUEjvLJQKhtuDtXgwrQx7H_b7u6wT-2_OUFhiTbRZjvjSNewA4caYHqY7z54ZICOPuswGrYQODsGiY39Ju8rR1HN4BmIaNasQolM4Kqjr-CdM/s1600/Mao1931.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgA_d_X1JKj-FkDGjeJHFL7R89QKnO8H3oUEjvLJQKhtuDtXgwrQx7H_b7u6wT-2_OUFhiTbRZjvjSNewA4caYHqY7z54ZICOPuswGrYQODsGiY39Ju8rR1HN4BmIaNasQolM4Kqjr-CdM/s320/Mao1931.jpg" width="275" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mao in 1931 (5)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The late 1920’sas well as the 1930’s was a busy time for Mao as well as everyone else involved with the Chinese Revolution.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1927 Mao led the Autumn Harvest Uprising which was a rebellion that took place in Hunan and established the short lived Hunan Soviet.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The uprising was defeated by Kuomintang forces and Mao was forced to retreat to the Jinggang Mountains on the border between Hunan and Jiangxi province, where he then assembled an army of miners. This was the first armed uprising by the Communists, and it marked a significant change in their strategy. Mao and Red Army founder Zhu De went on to develop a rural based strategy that centered on guerrilla tactics, paving the way to the Long March of 1934.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Long March was an almost mythical journey which catapulted him into fame in China.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Long March started in southern China when Mao’s Red Army was surrounded.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Estimates of around 80,000 (1) men under Mao’s control tried to escape through enemy lines and reform in the north and in the process 8,500 men survived the Long March to the north and establish their base in Yan’an.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This event was used as inspiration for those who survived and those who would fight for Mao in the future.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The following is a poem Mao wrote about the long march:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
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</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 2.5in; text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Long March</span></b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">, </span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%;">October 1935</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 2.5in; text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Red Army fears not the trials of the Long March,</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 2.5in; text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Holding light ten thousand crags and torrents.</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 2.5in; text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Five Ridges wind like gentle ripples</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 2.5in; text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">And the majestic Wumeng roll by, globules of clay.</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 2.5in; text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Warm the steep cliffs lapped by the waters of Golden Sand,</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 2.5in; text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Cold the iron chains spanning the Tatu River.</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 2.5in; text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Minshan's thousand li* of snow joyously crossed,</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 2.5in; text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The three Armies march on, each face glowing. (2)</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 2.5in; text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 2.5in; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mao at this time not only became infamous as a leader in the communist movement in China, but as a writer as well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1937 Mao wrote two of his most popular essays entitled “On Contradiction” (3) and “On Practice.”(4)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These two essays are concerned with the practical strategies of a revolutionary movement and stress the importance of practical, grass-roots knowledge, obtained through experience.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In both essays he speaks of how to gain support and who is the best people to recruit for this revolution.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mao’s theories on revolution are considered by some to be the most impressive of his theories.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 2.5in; text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgb9Eo0o9nbWirt08SLSCqWO9AVygrGv6Tppj5XhjQu3jjk9hEZlRmp0Uc2SHhhSVDhIs6LcosJOtgAfBzqbCZEFHJHgyDr0Bun0epYfJQHcJgNksQHF3-SNXcJsFo6dIMfkDe1Gmoy0ek/s1600/800px-Flag_of_the_Chinese_Soviet_Republic.svg.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgb9Eo0o9nbWirt08SLSCqWO9AVygrGv6Tppj5XhjQu3jjk9hEZlRmp0Uc2SHhhSVDhIs6LcosJOtgAfBzqbCZEFHJHgyDr0Bun0epYfJQHcJgNksQHF3-SNXcJsFo6dIMfkDe1Gmoy0ek/s320/800px-Flag_of_the_Chinese_Soviet_Republic.svg.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Soviet Republic of China Flag Picture (6)</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 2.5in; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">From 1931 to 1934, Mao helped establish the Soviet Republic of China and was elected Chairman of this small republic in the mountainous areas in Jiangxi.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Shortly after Mao’s ascension to power dissension in the ranks began occur.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some that were in power at this time like Li Wenlin were against Mao's land policies and proposals to reform the local party branch and army leadership.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mao reacted to this dissension by claiming his opponents were opportunists and then over time systematically suppressed them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After the fall of the Japanese Empire in World War II the region then became an interest of the West, Russia and the United States particularly.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Cold War was in its infancy and the battle of Communism vs. Democratic Capitalism was in full swing figuring out who would be under whose sphere of influence.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The U.S. continued to support Chiang Kai-shek, now openly against the People's Liberation Army led by Mao Zedong causing an escalation in the Civil War for control of China.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Soviet’s on the other hand supported Mao with supplies, but not as much as the U.S. supplied their allies.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The truth of the matter is that although Russia wanted to encourage the spread of Communism, they also didn’t want China become too strong because Russia still had ambitions in the area and a strong China would keep that in check.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1948, the People’s Liberation Army starved out the Kuomintang forces occupying the city of Changchun in which at least 160,000 civilians are believed to have perished during the siege. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On January 21, 1949, Kuomintang forces suffered massive losses against Mao's forces. In the early morning of December 10, 1949, PLA troops laid siege to Chengdu, the last KMT-occupied city in mainland China, and Chiang Kai-shek evacuated from the mainland to Taiwan that same day.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 2.5in; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Over the several decades Mao came into line with other Communist leaders of the time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Controls of many different economies were brought under the control of the Chinese government.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>U.S / Chinese relations improved over time and eventually in 197o’s under the tutelage of President Nixon and Sec. of State Kissinger the Chinese and the U.S started to warm up to each other and normalized relations.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At this same exact time through no coincidence the Chinese had a long contested border dispute with the Soviets which surely strained relations between Beijing and Moscow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The very shaky ground on which modern U.S / Chinese relations were started on has continued until today even though both economies are becoming more intertwined.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-nWI33U-6b-akpKF5rI_XW1bCMErCq_RAMt4nSJ4j54-jbQBtH0dI0I7DuvukrYkeesuuJUuKpqODwyuVFKm8s0fyhBRKcYVmcXU0oz0B9MBxWJD6s2c9g-skl7BL_g7IN7VcErpIUJo/s1600/Nixon_Mao_1972-02-29.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="247" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-nWI33U-6b-akpKF5rI_XW1bCMErCq_RAMt4nSJ4j54-jbQBtH0dI0I7DuvukrYkeesuuJUuKpqODwyuVFKm8s0fyhBRKcYVmcXU0oz0B9MBxWJD6s2c9g-skl7BL_g7IN7VcErpIUJo/s320/Nixon_Mao_1972-02-29.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 2.5in; text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Picture of Mao with Nixon in 1972 (7)</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 2.5in; text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 2.5in; text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Works Cited</span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: 2.5in; text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"The Long March 1934 to 1935." History Learning Site. History Learning Site. Web. 26 Apr. 2011. <http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/long_march_1934_to_1935.htm>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"The Long March | A New Long March." Morning Sun. Long Bow Group, Inc. Web. 26 Apr. 2011. <http://www.morningsun.org/living/longmarch/index.html>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Tse-tung, Mao. "ON CONTRADICTION." Marxists Internet Archive. Marxist.org. Web. 26 Apr. 2011. <http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-1/mswv1_17.htm>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Tse-tung, Mao. "ON PRACTICE." Marxists Internet Archive. Marxist.org. Web. 26 Apr. 2011. <http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-1/mswv1_16.htm>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"File:Mao1931.jpg." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Apr. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mao1931.jpg>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"File:Flag of the Chinese Soviet Republic.svg." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Apr. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Chinese_Soviet_Republic.svg>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"File:Nixon Mao 1972-02-29.png." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Apr. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nixon_Mao_1972-02-29.png>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Dryden, Samantha. "JACKIE CHAN TO SEEK CONTROL OF ALL CHINESE PEOPLE." Scrape TV. Scrape TV, 19 Apr. 2009. Web. <http://scrapetv.com/News/News%20Pages/Entertainment/pages-2/Jackie-Chan-to-seek-control-of-all-Chinese-people-Scrape-TV-The-World-on-your-side.html>. </span></div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-28406688941791408932011-04-18T18:30:00.000-07:002011-04-18T18:30:14.171-07:00The Israeli / Palestinian Conflict and Water Rights<!--[if !mso]> <style>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbdYy9yGXyUVi5xsYffJfl4tT4P_oqpboYdhX8SF0gkGvsLcMuZB87ISlkPI5wW3mFWsiWHt_iJrPe0mbtNbf48VYLsFNX9D4mgdnIcLozGHWnJk8VSzh5lJYu9MV67GzsHpDtCwbUovM/s1600/palestinewater1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="297" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbdYy9yGXyUVi5xsYffJfl4tT4P_oqpboYdhX8SF0gkGvsLcMuZB87ISlkPI5wW3mFWsiWHt_iJrPe0mbtNbf48VYLsFNX9D4mgdnIcLozGHWnJk8VSzh5lJYu9MV67GzsHpDtCwbUovM/s400/palestinewater1.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Bringing peace to the Arab / Israeli Conflict is a beautiful statement, but practically speaking it brings up many issues that are not easily solved.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Like many disagreements there are several issues that have to be solved to bring the main goal of peace in the region.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some of the issues that plague all negotiations between Israelis and Palestinians are water rights, the barrier wall in between Palestinian lands and Israel, Israeli settlements that have been built after 1967 on former Palestinian land, and also Jerusalem; who should control this city and this argument alone would be huge and could be argued on a block to block level.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">This particular essay will briefly look at one of the lesser known aspects of this conflict but one I feel is of vital importance to both Palestinians as well as Israelis; and that is the issue will be water rights.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">I am assuming that most people would ask why does this even matter?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When watching the news, reading the history of the conflict it seems that this issue of the four seems to never be mentioned if at all.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The truth of the matter is that water probably plays a larger issue than all the others.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When all is said in done, a wall is an issue but gates can be put in, buffer zones created, etc.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Settlements can be demolished or accepted as part of Israel depending on the agreement; even Jerusalem itself is just a city.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I know many who are devout Muslim, Jewish, and Christian that would disagree with this outlook but the fact of the matter is economically speaking loosing or gaining control of Jerusalem will not make or break either state in the near future.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">With all that being said water is a major building block of life itself.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When looking at major civilizations, cities, hubs of industry and technology the main thing in common is they all have easy access to cheap water.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ancient Mesopotamians would not have survived and thrived near as well if it wasn’t for the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, the Ancient Egyptians were made by the Nile River and even New York City grew immensely after the Erie Canal linked the Great Lakes of the American Midwest with the Atlantic Ocean making New York City a center of industry and commerce for the United States, and soon the world.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Even when looking at the history of other cities such as Los Angeles, the city itself didn’t bloom into the west coast power it is today until an aqueduct was built supplying the city with the water it needed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Those examples as well as many others show the importance of water to any growing civilization.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">One may make an argument that New York City and Los Angeles are not in the Middle East which is true but look at population statistics across the world when it comes to where people live versus where the water is.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>From the following maps you can see where water plays a direct role in where people live:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXXXZU1OfsNBSGsJwRtDsoe9Zrv2z8GDdEkS8rxz1gkKnbe2YtG05BolNEBgINwkEHP3EmntTY0NTTEsmHdsTjBlDDgBfCfsWgqqSK_OX6HMId5kJ7cDF7WYBCzPfjkHPSsw4_UxTQntc/s1600/US+population+density.jpg.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="226" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXXXZU1OfsNBSGsJwRtDsoe9Zrv2z8GDdEkS8rxz1gkKnbe2YtG05BolNEBgINwkEHP3EmntTY0NTTEsmHdsTjBlDDgBfCfsWgqqSK_OX6HMId5kJ7cDF7WYBCzPfjkHPSsw4_UxTQntc/s400/US+population+density.jpg.png" width="400" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Above: The darker the shades of red equate to higher the population density.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Look at the coasts and the areas around lakes and rivers; these areas have substantially higher population densities. (1)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKsiDXIreL73knsMvNfaCfKSkdGg5suOgXd4P7gN0LSoJfK0Xd8mwDCf3Ov8O2io3Jj5mDWgIZrzBhb30O1tZHa1bLan5JbQEfEXY1gPMo1TsF-76svk5S3yO-zGcmJAtMgy7Wd7zxQKY/s1600/population+density+africa.jpg.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKsiDXIreL73knsMvNfaCfKSkdGg5suOgXd4P7gN0LSoJfK0Xd8mwDCf3Ov8O2io3Jj5mDWgIZrzBhb30O1tZHa1bLan5JbQEfEXY1gPMo1TsF-76svk5S3yO-zGcmJAtMgy7Wd7zxQKY/s400/population+density+africa.jpg.png" width="328" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> </span> </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Above:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A map of the continent of Africa shows population density.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Egypt is a prime example of how water effects where people live. (2)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisgYufYJ4rovWNSrGHbDZ71qrh4QcpNwTHLi0Hg9mejwvYoSK8EGs5bH-1oik6-jXIcGrtrKwJJZeWP00lrARyyVNmZRNHqeCBdg88Qut68fwRpvpsTHz0_Zz2oKv10PFuCRNTRc3WbHw/s1600/population+density+iraq.jpg.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisgYufYJ4rovWNSrGHbDZ71qrh4QcpNwTHLi0Hg9mejwvYoSK8EGs5bH-1oik6-jXIcGrtrKwJJZeWP00lrARyyVNmZRNHqeCBdg88Qut68fwRpvpsTHz0_Zz2oKv10PFuCRNTRc3WbHw/s400/population+density+iraq.jpg.png" width="390" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Above:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Map of Iraq shows how population density has not changed much since the times of the ancient Mesopotamians. (3) </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Without filling this essay with maps upon maps, it is easy to see why water is essential to any population.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Israeli – Palestinian conflict is no different in this aspect; to quote the American Historian Jack Temple Kirby “drainage is destiny.”(4)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although this phrase doesn’t sound sexy, in fact it sounds rather nerdy; but the statement is true when looking at population density maps. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Water, which many in the developed world take for granted is necessary for any civilization to survive.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One can make the case that the current actions of the Israeli government in regard to water and Palestinians are very discriminatory.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The following are some statistical information in regards to water in Israel as well as Palestine:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Israeli settlers pay $0.40 per cubic meter for domestic consumption; the Palestinians pay $1.20.(5)</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Israeli settlements are connected to the Israeli water network.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>10%-20% of the West Bank Palestinians (200,000 residents) are not connected to a water network; 9% buy water from tankers.(5)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The high price of water in Palestine has caused the locals to seek water from elsewhere; many times from polluted streams which leads to an increase in the spread of disease and infant / child / adult mortality rates.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If cheap clean water cannot be accessed, then a population will shrink either by disease, thirst or migration.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">When water becomes an issue for hygiene, how is water to be used in the irrigation of crops and for the watering of livestock?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The answer to that question is it isn’t.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Palestinian’s who once had successful citrus farms are left to scrape by for their very existence without access to cheap, clean water.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Livestock is not an option in many cases or isn’t as plentiful because of water as well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If people were to become ill from drinking tainted disease ridden water, that same filth cannot be given to livestock or used to water crops; all those fore mentioned things are not people but need access to clean water to survive.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Livestock or crops that are watered with diseased water will suffer the same fate as a person who was to drink it, illness or death.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The following are some images of a Palestinian and Israeli villages, guess which one is which (Hint: Israelis have the access to cheap water):<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span> </span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: right;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTVTnNn4a-niH88Xs71KbdPLagQRB5kidrgRyqwUMga_qRa2FNHh55eerIzWWJZouG8c1CHNwiHaSK_MI-hFZQVASq7Lld95VwUD4GHGSpPTMyka5NAIQiP75xoSyVSLR5TR9cUW5Y_IM/s1600/palestinpool.jpg.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="145" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTVTnNn4a-niH88Xs71KbdPLagQRB5kidrgRyqwUMga_qRa2FNHh55eerIzWWJZouG8c1CHNwiHaSK_MI-hFZQVASq7Lld95VwUD4GHGSpPTMyka5NAIQiP75xoSyVSLR5TR9cUW5Y_IM/s200/palestinpool.jpg.png" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiar0P1jKEIV0qCum-oy7cSQujWHrk0mMH3WrV1-OzHeIFxwUD6kW2yKpc08rctU6Aca_DDfk-ooIDY61yiD-i4_DnpyYeR1IA0EOJg9f76GAh7i7Eh1MT42qSC08_kieUDSOxukVLqCM4/s1600/jewpool.jpg.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="144" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiar0P1jKEIV0qCum-oy7cSQujWHrk0mMH3WrV1-OzHeIFxwUD6kW2yKpc08rctU6Aca_DDfk-ooIDY61yiD-i4_DnpyYeR1IA0EOJg9f76GAh7i7Eh1MT42qSC08_kieUDSOxukVLqCM4/s200/jewpool.jpg.png" width="200" /></a></div><div style="text-align: right;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Top Left:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An empty Palestinian agricultural reservoir near Jiftlik in the West Bank. (5)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Top Right:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Israeli settlers in Maaleh Adumim enjoy a swim. (5)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>I know that not everyone in this world can own a swimming pool but can the question be asked; is it moral to own a swimming pool when your neighbors (and by Israeli definition refuges living in your own country) can’t even fill a reservoir for farming? <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Although it is easy to condemn the Israeli’s way of life in regards to how they live as compared to their neighbors in regards to water; it is another thing to say they are doing something wrong.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That issue is harder to explain but we will attempt to figure out this complex issue ahead.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So what does each side say in regards to water?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The Palestinian side is really very simple to understand; they claim that the Israeli’s are stealing their water.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I will focus more in depth on their point of view shortly but for now let’s focus on the Israeli point of view before the essay becomes biased.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Israeli point of view on water rights is the following; we have prior rights to the aquifer and we are taking the water though our access to it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The best example for this argument I am going to steal off of the movie “There Will Be Blood.”(7)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the movie the main character Daniel Plainview played Daniel Day-Lewis is explaining to Eli Sunday (Paul Dano) why he doesn’t need the lease on a particular piece of land to drill for oil because he already has the lease on the surrounding land:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">“Plainview</span></b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: Drainage! Drainage, Eli, you boy. Drained dry, I’m so sorry. Here: if you have a milkshake... and I have a milkshake... and I have a straw; there it is, that’s the straw, see? Watch it. My straw reaches across the room... and starts to drink your milkshake: I... drink... your... milkshake! [slurps] I drink it up!”</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">If that quote wasn’t clear enough look at it this way, the Palestinians and the Israelis share the same milkshake (aquifer.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Israelis are taking the milkshake (water) like crazy through their straw and if the Palestinians aren’t getting any that isn’t their fault.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Both sides in this argument claim to have sole access to drilling rights and in all actuality both sides do have the right to drill for water.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Treaty after treaty and UN resolution after resolution has stated that Israel and Palestine have rights to the natural resources, water being one of them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If that was the case why can’t they each drill in their own sovereign state?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That is where other issues non-water related are affecting this one.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Radicals on each side of the argument dispute the rivals existence let alone sovereignty.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As the situation currently stands the Palestinian state does not have the ability or the right to drill for their water in the eyes of the Israelis.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Israelis see themselves as the care takers of the water supply and will distribute it fairly.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Israel also makes the case that it is vital to their nations security that they are in charge of water drilling and that if Palestinians wanted to drill for their own water then they should have accepted the peace treaty they were offered in 2000. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">To better understand the situation between Israel and Palestine on water lets first look at what water sources they share.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Israel and Palestine share two main water sources; two aquifers and the Jordan River and its tributaries.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Mountain Aquifer which is one of the aquifers that we are speaking of is a system extending over approximately 130 square kilometers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It stretches from Mt. Carmel in the north to Be’er Sheva in the south.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Israel also shares their coastal aquifer with Gaza on the coast.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These two aquifers are not connected. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbTddrfEn5ac5XG_Ex3Z7q0ciQCKztwnCtRjT9baMJqgQFJgPC9LTz61PYrE_KI7gDTFDuiquQQhuFE_Semo5QBf0ly_7TrKqAZ_4pn-AAvl_f0upMYSAF1Sk32Ojc6KfsITCoweI1hSY/s1600/aquaisrael.jpg.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbTddrfEn5ac5XG_Ex3Z7q0ciQCKztwnCtRjT9baMJqgQFJgPC9LTz61PYrE_KI7gDTFDuiquQQhuFE_Semo5QBf0ly_7TrKqAZ_4pn-AAvl_f0upMYSAF1Sk32Ojc6KfsITCoweI1hSY/s320/aquaisrael.jpg.png" width="263" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Above:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A map showing the location of the coastal aquifer and the mountain aquifer in Israel and Palestine. (8)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The Mountain Aquifer is feed mostly by rain water that falls on the mountains in the West Bank which then seeps into the ground.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The water then flows eastward and westward to the reservoir areas, from where it is drawn by wells. This source supplies about one-quarter of the water needs of Israel and the Israeli settlements and almost all the running water that Palestinians in the West Bank receive.(9)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The Coastal Aquifer has dropped in significance over time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Over pumping of the aquifer has led to seepage from the Mediterranean causing salt levels to rise and also pollution from industrial complexes on the coast have led to inability to use this source of water.(10)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Israel over the past 50 years has been pumping water from this source quicker than it could replenish itself.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Desalination can be used to fix this issue but it is costly and toxins from manufacturing are harder to extract from ground water than salt is.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This Aquifer is also used a great deal by those living in the Gaza Strip as well as those in Israel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The second joint source of water is the upper Jordan River and its tributaries.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some of the tributaries of the Jordan River include the Sea of Galilee, the Yarmuh River and the lower Jordan River as well. Although only the Jordan River is shared geographically with Jordan; the water Israel draws from the Jordan River and its tributaries directly affect the amount of water in the Jordan River itself. This source of water supplies approximately one-third of Israel’s water needs as well as some of the water needs of Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon. Palestinians on the other hand do not receive any water from this source.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Demand for water in the region continues to grow over time because the population of the region has been on the rise for some time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also with time comes technology meaning more business’s and people are connected onto a water grid as well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All of these things have helped led to a short falls in water supply.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As opposed to working with its neighbors and Palestine Israel has decided the best solution to this problem is to limit the access of Palestinians to this water.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By limiting Palestinian access it prevents supply from meeting demand and water prices to escalate over time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Israel 's water policy in the Occupied Territories has benefited Israel in two primary ways:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Preservation of the unequal division of the shared groundwater in the West Bank's Western Aquifer and Northern Aquifer. This division was created prior to the occupation, a result of the gap between economic and technological development in Israel as opposed to the West Bank . However, the gap would have likely diminished had Israel not prevented it.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Utilization of new water sources, to which Israel had no access prior to 1967, such as the Eastern Aquifer (in the West Bank ) and the Coastal Aquifer, primarily to benefit Israeli settlements established in those areas.(9)</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">In the West Bank as well as Gaza the drilling of new wells is strictly forbidden by the Israeli government limiting the ability of the Palestinians to become self-sufficient in regards to water although plenty of water lies under their feet.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to military orders, drilling a well required obtaining a permit, which entailed a lengthy and complicated bureaucratic process.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The vast majority of applications submitted during the occupation were denied.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It should be noted that the rationing of the drilling of wells is a good idea; the only issue with it is that the Israelis are biased when issuing permits when allowing for new wells discriminating against Palestinians.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Not only is supply an issue in the West Bank and Gaza, but the means of transporting water is an issue as well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The infrastructure needs to be updated periodically to prevent failure; unfortunately some places in the West Bank and Gaza haven’t had maintenance preformed since pre-1967.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In Gaza the embargo has led to the corruption of ground water and the inability to clean their water because many supplies are not allowed through.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">In closing the best possible solution I can see is that Israel needs to put forth a consorted effort to rebuild a rejuvenate the water infrastructure in the West Bank and Gaza.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If Israel is unwilling to do so then they should allow for the Palestinians to do so but sitting back and ignoring the issue cannot be the practice of the future.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The longer Palestinians go without essential services and human functions like water the more and more credibility they will lose in the international community.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is not the Cold War, the world has become flat with the internet.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As more and more people around the world become aware of the basic issues facing Palestinians like water; the more these same Palestinians gain sympathy and the moral high ground.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><br />
</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Works Cited </span></b></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"US POPULATION DENSITY MAP." Map. Map of USA. Print.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Encyclopedia - Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Web. 18 Apr. 2011. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/media/65614/Population-density-of-Africa>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"Iraq Population Density Map - Iraq • Mappery." Real Life Map Collection • Mappery. Web. 18 Apr. 2011. <http://mappery.com/map-of/Iraq-Population-Density-Map-2>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Cayton, Andrew R. L., and Stuart D. Hobbs. The Center of a Great Empire: the Ohio Country in the Early American Republic. Athens: Ohio UP, 2005. Print.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Shalhevet, Sarit. "Water Rights and Water Allocation between Israel and the Palestinian Authority." Lecture.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">From On-line lecture</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Viklund, Andreas. "Water in Palestine « Fundamental Human Rights." Fundamental Human Rights. Blog at WordPress.com. Web. 18 Apr. 2011. <https://rtsf.wordpress.com/category/water-in-palestine/>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">THERE WILL BE BLOOD. Web. 18 Apr. 2011. <http://www.therewillbeblood.com/>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Wulfsohn, Aubrey. "WHAT RETREAT FROM THE TERRITORIES MEANS FOR ISRAEL'S WATER SUPPLY - FREEMAN CENTER BLOG." Freeman Center for Strategic Studies. Web. 18 Apr. 2011. <http://www.freeman.org/serendipity/index.php?/archives/18-Aubrey-Wulfsohn-WHAT-RETREAT-FROM-THE-TERRITORIES-MEANS-FOR-ISRAELS-WATER-SUPPLY.html>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"B'Tselem - The Water Crisis." Web. 18 Apr. 2011. <http://www.btselem.org/english/Water/Index.asp>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Rinat, Zafrir. "Green Groups Warn: Coastal Aquifer Pollution Is Limiting Israel's Water Supply." Haaretz.com. Haaretz News, 21 Mar. 2011. Web. <http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/green-groups-warn-coastal-aquifer-pollution-is-limiting-israel-s-water-supply-1.350728>.</span></div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-20259609672970817172011-04-17T22:18:00.000-07:002011-04-17T22:18:42.662-07:00The Lead Up and Consequences of the Russo – Japanese War<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</style> <![endif]--> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_MeOB8qr5gsHvbbHJz0uHI7jl4iSs5TYgPVuMkUMzfPnwobafo8XvHLc1xS9clArRHnumgNdK2MDFNVHcNRZb8bcfdTRU7XNZlG1mWjFbiFib2rjue2joidIw1pks96SiqHoMQNIxl7A/s1600/russo-japanese+cartoon.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="311" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_MeOB8qr5gsHvbbHJz0uHI7jl4iSs5TYgPVuMkUMzfPnwobafo8XvHLc1xS9clArRHnumgNdK2MDFNVHcNRZb8bcfdTRU7XNZlG1mWjFbiFib2rjue2joidIw1pks96SiqHoMQNIxl7A/s320/russo-japanese+cartoon.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">The following essay will attempt to explain some key elements to the Russo – Japanese War.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We will not be looking that closely at the war itself but rather events and players leading up to, and following the war itself.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some of the questions that need to be addressed is who was involved and why, what the end result was for all parties involved, and how it affected regional and global relations between parties involved as a whole.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Why was the Russo – Japanese War relevant?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Russo – Japanese War had lasting effects on Russia, Japan, and the Far East region as a whole.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Sino – Japanese War knocked one of the three regional powers, China, out of the picture a decade earlier so the fight for regional supremacy at this point in time was between Japan and Russia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One could even make the argument that one of the lasting effects of this war is that in some way it played an effect on what side the Japanese entered the First and Second World War on.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If the Japanese would have been soundly defeated in the Russo – Japanese War would Japan’s imperial drive still have been there?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is hard to say but I think the Japanese would have played a much smaller role in both World Wars if any at all.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">The Russo – Japanese War also showed the weakness of the Tsar as a leader.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By most estimates the Russians should have been able to win this war fairly easily and the people of Russia were crushed when a victory was not attained.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The defeat of the Russian army as well as the growing unrest at home made the Tsar look weak and helped cause his ultimate downfall.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Again, this is just conjecture and there is no way of proving this but if the Russian’s would have had solid victories in this conflict would the communist revolution even have occurred?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Russo – Japanese War also killed the expansion of the Russian Empire as well and eliminated Russia as a contender for regional superpower.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">After the Treaty of Portsmouth which formally ended the Russo – Japanese War the Japanese people ended up paying more in taxes to offset the cost of the war.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the formal treaty there was no payment of reparation from either side and very little territory was gained by the Japanese.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Many of the Japanese people saw this as a waste because the ends were not justified by the means in their opinion.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After peoples revolts this caused the government to become more militaristic after the death of the Meiji Emperor.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The very militaristic government that came into power is the very government that ended up aggressively pursuing Japanese interests through both World Wars.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Focusing more on the Russo – Japanese War itself; the war took place from February 8<sup>th</sup> 1904 till the signing of the Treaty of Portsmouth on September 5<sup>th</sup> 1905 and was called by some historians the first great war of the 20th century.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The result of this war came was that Japan surged on after this to become a regional imperial power and Russia played a lesser role in the region till the late 1930’s, early 1940’s.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Russia and Japan were obviously involved in this war but to a lesser known extent there was one other nation that also declared was on the Japanese and that was the Principality of Montenegro.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Montenegro was puppet state of Russia and an ally of Russia in the Russo-Japanese War. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Volunteers from Montenegro were fighting in the Russian Army.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 2006 Japan recognized Montenegrin independence and declared the war being over and after 101 years a peace treaty was signed between Russia and Japan.(1)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">So what was the Russo – Japanese War really about?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Both Russia and Japan wanted to exert themselves as superpowers in the Far East and the only way that would be possible is for one to defeat the other.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although the Japanese didn’t technically vanquish the Russians, the victories made by the Japanese as well as the implosion of Russian society in the early 20<sup>th</sup> century established Japan as the regional power. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Russia wished to gain power in the Far East and also to gain a warm weather port on the Pacific Ocean so they would not be frozen in during the bitter Russian winters.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Russia also sought to attain its position as a global power; if the Russians were to be defeated by Japan how serious would the rest of the Western powers take Russia, the answer to that is very little.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Japan wished to gain more territory and resources that surrounded the tiny island nation all throughout the mainland around them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For Japan this also an opportunity for them to even is considered a world power, something they were striving for and had been for half a century before this.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">So now that we have looked over the events leading up to the war the next thing to look at would be the treaty that ended the war, the Treaty of Portsmouth.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Treaty of Portsmouth formally ended the Russo-Japanese War and was brokered by the United States.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">The formal result of the Treaty of Portsmouth brought peace between Japan and Russia, acknowledged that </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">“The Imperial Russian Government, acknowledging that Japan possesses in Korea paramount political, military and economical interests engages neither to obstruct nor interfere with measures for guidance, protection and control which the Imperial Government of Japan may find necessary to take in Korea.”(2)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">The treaty also stated that Russia must yield all claims in Manchuria and brought Port Arthur was under Japanese control.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">With the details of the treaty being stated the next logical question is why the United States was chosen to mediate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The United States did it partially for prestige but the main reason behind this was that the United States as well as many other Western nations was invested heavily in the region.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The United States acquired the Philippines after the Spanish – American War at the end of the 19<sup>th</sup> century and it did not want to see one of its new prize possessions become independent or fall under someone else’s control.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Negotiating this peace treaty for the United States would give them an opportunity to help secure some of their interests.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">The United States had already worked privately on The Taft–Katsura Agreement so the Japanese and the United States both new where each side stood on certain issues like Korea and the Philippines.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Taft–Katsura Agreement was a set of notes taken during conversations between United States Secretary of War William Howard Taft and Prime Minister of Japan Katsura Taro on July 29<sup>th</sup> 1905.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The notes were discovered in 1924; there was never a signed agreement or secret treaty, only a memorandum of a conversation regarding Japanese-American relations.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>With all these aims of the United States being stated, one can see their goals or intentions were not completely wholesome.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">The United States as well as the rest of the West consequently didn’t want to see either side come out too strong either.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although Russia is considered part of the West, it has always been considered an outsider.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The traditional western powers were not fond of either Russia or Japan growing too strong in the region; if this was to happen traditional western powers would not be able to then take advantage of weaker states like China and those in South-East Asia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">So in closing, how did these two super powers fare after the war?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Both Russia and Japan suffered from social unrest, but Japan was able to reform and reinvent causing it to become more powerful whereas Russia fell into eventual chaos before rising as a world power in the 1930’s and 40’s.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although the direct results of this war in world history are hard to see, the indirect consequences of this war affected the world today as we know it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><a href="http://www.mentalfloss.com/blogs/archives/21221">http://www.mentalfloss.com/blogs/archives/21221</a></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><a href="http://wwi.lib.byu.edu/index.php/Treaty_of_Portsmouth">http://wwi.lib.byu.edu/index.php/Treaty_of_Portsmouth</a></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><br />
</div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-9225288155594316102011-04-12T13:07:00.000-07:002011-04-12T13:07:23.853-07:00An Overview of Japanese / United States Relations: 1900 – 1930<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML/> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</style> <![endif]--> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilw_vsXPRiINud4N8JF13rgLXSBf1wQk31f-Fcvl5QB-Nj2ou_c8-KflzRjw5Vrx_TnnReGC13vAWlbjm7TPAcoLumF1a26jfchIycKLaYnytEMSQZzroq1GRmAO5ppn8ShCm3d2gK0eE/s1600/japan-US+flag.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilw_vsXPRiINud4N8JF13rgLXSBf1wQk31f-Fcvl5QB-Nj2ou_c8-KflzRjw5Vrx_TnnReGC13vAWlbjm7TPAcoLumF1a26jfchIycKLaYnytEMSQZzroq1GRmAO5ppn8ShCm3d2gK0eE/s1600/japan-US+flag.jpg" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">US – Japanese relations from 1900 – 1930 where constantly changing for several different reasons.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Public opinion, a world war, and conquest for new territory kept these two nations teetering on the edge of hostility for some time and World War II was partially the result of these turbulent relations.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Over this thirty year span there were high and low points, and several different events caused these two then growing nations to collide.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This essay will cover some of the major events and explain things from the Japanese as well as an American point of view.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Japanese / US Relations Before 1900</span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcJkvZZ8O84E9ZhFjfxqa8yhNRp4ydO3l1TUQyZBSAkNf4CIXGpIUFMnByGmGq_eguneyFGYeFoo5w1WLIkuT0pPaSzuulSA2DcpkcZ9-_A80QWJ7p9BLaglhYB8lz2TtFFn9gCkm-yiw/s1600/tight-spot.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcJkvZZ8O84E9ZhFjfxqa8yhNRp4ydO3l1TUQyZBSAkNf4CIXGpIUFMnByGmGq_eguneyFGYeFoo5w1WLIkuT0pPaSzuulSA2DcpkcZ9-_A80QWJ7p9BLaglhYB8lz2TtFFn9gCkm-yiw/s320/tight-spot.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Relations between the Japanese and the United States started off rocky at best.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Japan had been an isolationist state from the early 17<sup>th</sup> CE century when a western presence had a little more than just trade in mind.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Actions of the West in China showed Japan that they would not be able to trust the Western powers to keep their word and stay out of politics in Japan.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>From that point on Japan had very little to do with the rest of the world until 1853.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">On July 8th, 1853 four black ships led by the USS Powhatan and commanded by Commodore Matthew Perry, anchored at Edo Bay; never before had the Japanese seen ships steaming with smoke.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Matthew Perry brought a letter from the President of the United States, Millard Fillmore, to the Emperor of Japan. He waited with his armed ships and refused to see any of the lesser dignitaries sent by the Japanese, insisting on dealing only with the highest emissaries of the Emperor.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On March 31st, 1854 representatives of Japan and the United States signed a historic treaty.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Negotiations went several months between Perry and Japanese officials on achieving the U.S goal of opening the doors of trade with Japan. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Japanese government realized that their country was in no position to defend itself against a foreign power, and Japan could not retain its isolation policy without risking war. On March 31st, 1854 Perry received what he had so dearly worked for, a treaty with Japan. The treaty provided for:</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Peace and friendship between the United States and Japan.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Opening of two ports to American ships at Shimoda and Hakodate</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Help for any American ships wrecked on the Japanese coast and protection for shipwrecked persons</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Permission for American ships to buy supplies, coal, water, and other necessary provisions in Japanese ports.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Needless to say this forced treaty left a bitter taste in the mouth of Japanese conservatives and this action by the United States government would be a constant reminder to the Japanese of how Western powers handled peoples and nations that were not cut from the same cloth.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Another aspect of the big picture in regards to Japanese / US relations before 1900 was the land grab in the Pacific that led into and continued into the early 20<sup>th</sup> century.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In this aspect both the Japanese as well of the United States were guilty of being malicious to native peoples as well as other world and regional powers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The time frame in question marked the beginning of American Imperialism in the Pacific with the Spanish – American War and the subsequent acquisition of the Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico and a very pro US government in Cuba.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The lands gained by the United States during this war were not the only lands acquired in the Pacific Ocean.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>American Samoa was gained in the Treaty of Berlin in 1899; in 1900 Hawaii officially became territory of the United States although the United States government had meddled in the island nation’s politics long before this.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Midway Islands were discovered July 8, 1859 by Captain N.C. Brooks and annexed by the United States; the Wake Islands were discovered by the British in 1796 and annexed by the U.S. in 1899.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All these islands that were being annexed by the United States was drawing the United States closer and closer to Asia and by default lands that Japan may have wanted as their own.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">On the other hand Japan is not innocent of having imperial aspirations at this time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Many of these lands that were acquired by the United States would have possibly been acquired by the Japanese if they were in the position to but when the united States was expanding in the Pacific Japan was occupied with other regional powers such as Russia and China; significant Japanese expansions came in the early 20<sup>th</sup> century.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Although Japan did not acquire a great deal of new lands in the late 19<sup>th</sup> century it did put the machine in motion and made expansion in the 20<sup>th</sup> century possible.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Japan was involved in the Sino – Japanese War which sealed the fate of Qing China maybe decades sooner than it would have went without being disgraced in this war.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Sino – Japanese War essentially established that there were two major powers in the region, Japan and Russia; in the early 20<sup>th</sup> century a war with the Japanese as well as a communist revolution would eliminate Russia from the shared seat of power and leave Japan as the major regional power and a growing international power as well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">One of the direct results of the Sino – Japanese War was that Taiwan came directly under Japanese control.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some Chinese ports also became open to Japanese manufactured goods and Japanese factories.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These gains gave the Japanese the confidence to become an imperial power in the region over the next several decades.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Japan’s thirst for new lands in the early 20<sup>th</sup> century all but established Japan as the regional power and the peace treaty from this particular war was brokered by none other than the United States.</span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: .25in;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Russo – Japanese War and the Treaty of Portsmouth</span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_hF8iN6_T-gToZO6l6eKKgMT4xp-APIuk7FVMpf3PGK8F3yHQgoJhK04qMy1BpJVua211XrU-ogjkGq95lnYIj2g6utskk5xWX8xt_QglyNWhHRsfijtuEggZ7gQWCK2a_6Ovg5SpU-4/s1600/treaty+of+portsmouth.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_hF8iN6_T-gToZO6l6eKKgMT4xp-APIuk7FVMpf3PGK8F3yHQgoJhK04qMy1BpJVua211XrU-ogjkGq95lnYIj2g6utskk5xWX8xt_QglyNWhHRsfijtuEggZ7gQWCK2a_6Ovg5SpU-4/s320/treaty+of+portsmouth.jpg" width="301" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.25in;"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">After the Sino – Japanese War, three regional powers in the Far East were narrowed down to two rival powers in Japan and Russia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Sino – Japanese War limited the power of the Qing Empire in China and caused sent the Empires of Japan and Russia on a collision course.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Russo – Japanese War was considered the first great war of the 20<sup>th</sup> century and its origins can be found in territorial ambitions of Japan and Russia and their individual quests to control the Korean Peninsula and Manchuria.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Russia wanted to establish a warm weather port on the Pacific Ocean and the Japanese were determined to keep Russia from accomplishing this goal.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Negotiations between Russia and Japan had gone on for almost a decade with no success before they finally went to war in 1904.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">After a year of fighting the war was not closer to establishing a resolution than before the war.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although the Japanese were effective in winning many battles they were where also not able to end Russian ambition in the region.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One of the major reasons Russia wanted to bring the war to an end is not because they did not think they could defeat the Japanese but rather growing unrest in Russia limited their ability to wage war.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The embarrassing string of defeats inflamed the Russian people's dissatisfaction with their inefficient and corrupt Tsarist government, and proved a major cause of the Russian Revolution of 1905.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">With the Japanese in a firm control of the fighting and Russia now dealing with larger problems in their eyes Russia as well as Japan to an extent wanted peace.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The United States, who were worried by what they saw going on between these two powers decided to step in and negotiate a peace between the two warring powers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One of the main goals of the United States in mediating this was to make sure that neither power became too powerful as a result of this treaty. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The United States as well as other traditional western powers preferred in fighting between the regional powers of East Asia like Russia, Japan, and China because this enabled Western powers to take advantage of the situation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Treaty of Portsmouth negotiations took place in Portsmouth, NH and were signed on September 5<sup>th</sup> 1905.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Theodore Roosevelt received a Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to bring an end to this conflict.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In accordance with the treaty, both Japan and Russia agreed to evacuate Manchuria and return its sovereignty to China, but Japan was leased the Liaodong Peninsula (containing Port Arthur and Talien), and the Russian rail system in southern Manchuria with access to strategic resources. Japan also received the southern half of the Island of Sakhalin from Russia. Although Japan gained a great deal from the treaty, it was not nearly as much as the Japanese public had been led to expect, since Japan's initial negotiating position had demanded all of Sakhalin and a monetary indemnity as well.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The aftermath of the treaty was different for the three major players in helping bring the war to an end.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The United States achieved what it wanted; neither Russia or Japan were entirely strong enough to control the region and they were able to continue their Pacific advance with little to slow them down.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Russian government suffered a severe fate after the Treaty of Portsmouth.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Russian government was never able to rebound from the defeat in the Russo – Japanese and limped on for the next several years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Russian people felt betrayed by their government and within 15 years a small revolution movement would overthrow the ruling Tsarist regime.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Japanese people on the other hand were not exactly pleased with the result of the war either.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Japanese people saw where they had achieved massive military victories but attained very little and taxes were even raised by the government to help offset the costs of the war.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Revolts were held in Japan as well as Russia, the main difference between the two revolts is that the Japanese revolts accomplished reform to the government as where the Russian revolution’s goal was a complete overhaul of the system.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In the 80 plus years of US / Japanese relations that occurred before World War II, the time that Theodore Roosevelt was in office was the most successful and the most peaceful.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although tensions during this era were not completely void, Roosevelt did an excellent job in trying to keep minor incidents from snowballing into major issues.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Racial Tensions Grow in the United States</span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAszCjmxeAHiHGb155KKXBuFhyphenhyphenp12rNCfPGl9bhwrAlPbritaAcameuXEDqEpeuKmMfsllKLGeoYvC-h1I_4TOomln74kqxJgjVbuJbNVQ5XfGDQsiIEsvf9m2Nv3O2a2H5lwhVGlAQQc/s1600/YellowTerror.jpb.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAszCjmxeAHiHGb155KKXBuFhyphenhyphenp12rNCfPGl9bhwrAlPbritaAcameuXEDqEpeuKmMfsllKLGeoYvC-h1I_4TOomln74kqxJgjVbuJbNVQ5XfGDQsiIEsvf9m2Nv3O2a2H5lwhVGlAQQc/s320/YellowTerror.jpb.jpg" width="287" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Although under Theodor Roosevelt the US maintained decent relations with Japan, this was also an era of growing racial tensions in the United States with Japanese immigrants.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Roosevelt himself was not innocent of being a racist as well as many Americans in this time frame of American history.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>President Theodore Roosevelt declared, "The most ultimately righteous of all wars is a war with savages" and openly spoke of cementing the rule of "dominant world races.”(1)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In line with the concepts of the "Manifest Destiny" of white Anglo-Americans to conquer lands inhabited by "inferior" races of Native Americans and Mexicans, and the "White Man's Burden" of Europeans' obligation to introduce civilization to the "primitive" people of Africa, Asia and the Pacific, American foreign policy in the early 20th century had racial overtones of a "superior" race destined to rule the world.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Japanese were just as guilty of being racist but there were a small number of whites in Japan as opposed to a seemingly larger amount of Japanese on the western coast of America.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In the Pacific States, racism was primarily directed against the resident Asian immigrants. Several immigration laws discriminated against the Asians, and at different points the ethnic Chinese or other groups were banned from entering the United States.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Non-whites were prohibited from testifying against whites, a prohibition extended to the Chinese by People v. Hall.(2)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Japanese as well as the Chinese were often subject to harder labor on the First Transcontinental Railroad and often performed the more dangerous tasks such as using dynamite to make pathways through the mountains. The San Francisco Vigilance Movement, although ostensibly a response to crime and corruption, also systematically victimized Irish immigrants, and later this was transformed into mob violence against East Asian immigrants. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In the ensuing inquests and trials, all the perpetrators either were acquitted, or received only light punishments for lesser offenses, because the testimony of Asian witnesses was either completely inadmissible, or else considered less credible than that of others.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Japanese immigrants had been welcomed in California, Oregon, and Washington in the late 19th century. Their perceived hard work, clean habits, and entrepreneurial spirit were welcomed in most west coast communities at this time. However, in time these very traits began to fester with Japanese farm workers engaged in collective labor actions when they felt they were being cheated. Even worse, Japanese laborers quickly moved from contract labor to sharecropping and then to outright purchase of land which made many West Coasters uncomfortable. Japanese businesses, like restaurants, began to compete with white-owned businesses. Some Japanese began to accumulate wealth. One, George Shima, amassed 28,000 acres of land, and was dubbed the "potato king" of California.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Whites were fine with Japanese immigrants as long as they complied with the unspoken cast system; non-white immigrants who wished to be treated as equals were not wanted in this region at this time.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The series of insults began in 1905 with a unanimous resolution by both houses of the California Legislature that asked Congress to limit Japanese immigration. The resolution asserted that Japanese laborers "by reason of race habits… are undesirable," that the Japanese added nothing to the prosperity of the state, and that:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Now not less than five hundred [Japanese] each month [are] landed at the port of San Francisco [and] we cannot but regard with the greatest sense of danger and disaster, the prospect that the close of the war between Japan and Russia will surely bring to our shores hordes, to be counted only in thousands, of the discharged soldiers of the Japanese Army, who will crowd the State with immoral, intemperate, quarrelsome men, bound to labor for a pittance, and to subsist on a supply with which a white man can hardly sustain life.”(4)</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">These conditions of segregation and legislation continued up into the outbreak of World War II and a case could be made that these actions made the creation of Internment Camps for Japanese American citizens during World War II even more realistic because the hatred was already there.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">World War I:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Japanese Expansion in the Far East</span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8l47xzqWghuC8xQmM5JsaOLyfOVaFyFi_TjfnACcfbKheM7JUSVqVcR8Or1Wcetj0_fEEY-lwq2KM0F5uBigm9RScvxTbWLztX8wZBp3_CM4cI9QTCB_R3FkEouHgvPqJLv-FuMED2Ng/s1600/Satsuma-samurai-during-boshin-war-period.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="233" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8l47xzqWghuC8xQmM5JsaOLyfOVaFyFi_TjfnACcfbKheM7JUSVqVcR8Or1Wcetj0_fEEY-lwq2KM0F5uBigm9RScvxTbWLztX8wZBp3_CM4cI9QTCB_R3FkEouHgvPqJLv-FuMED2Ng/s320/Satsuma-samurai-during-boshin-war-period.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The era leading up to and during World War I was an interesting era in this relationship.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Leading into the war many believed that Japan and the United States would be at war within a couple years; by the end of World War I tensions had subsided slightly because of attentions being averted to Europe and the fights there and in Russia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Japan was able to fly under the radar during World War I and when the war ended and the smoke had cleared, only one regional power was standing in the Far East and that was Japan.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Leading into US involvement in World War I there was a great deal on tension between the United States and Japan.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One of the m any things that drew the United States into war was the Zimmerman Note.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Zimmerman Note was a 1917 diplomatic proposal from the German Empire to Mexico to make war against the United States. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The proposal was declined by Mexico, due to a Civil War in the country, but angered Americans and led in part to a U.S. declaration of war in April.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The reason the Zimmerman Note is relevant is because it called for a Japanese / Mexican alliance to attack the United States.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Japanese were already establishing ties with Mexico for different reasons but with the note coming to light this just made the US even more nervous about the Mexican government as well as the Japanese government.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the end the Japanese nor the Mexican government decided not to attack not because of an alliance with the United States but rather it would be counterproductive towards their long term goals.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Japan inevitably entered into World War I on the side of the Entente Powers; with a bequest from the British, the Japanese helped secure shipping lanes in the Pacific from the German navy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Japan had several reasons for intervening in World War I on the side of the English.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Japan knew that befriending one of the “white nations” was in their best interest.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>World War I came out these alliances and Japan thirsted for being a world power and they would not be able to accomplish this without befriending a Western nation.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Japan also wanted to take advantage of some of its weaker neighbors and territory that they may be able to acquire while western powers were occupied in Europe with World War I.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Parts of China, Manchuria, and many German colonies fell under Japanese control after World War I and this was the result of them coming in on the right side on the right time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In Closing</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">From the end of World War I up until the start of World War II Japan became more militaristic in its leaders.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Japanese progressives were pushed out of the government in place of the conservative imperialistic elements.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The United States in this same time frame was slowly gearing up for war economically.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Manufacturing was still a big part of the American economy at this time and production of munitions made the United States a lot of money during the First World War.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This very manufacturing of munitions would make the United States a key element in the ally victory of the Second World War and helped fuel the Cold War between Soviet Russia and the United States afterwards.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">When looking at Japanese / US relations in this time frame I have fault finding blame with just one side.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Both nations were pretentious and wanted the same land.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was like to children fighting over a toy, eventually these imperial toddlers would throw down and they did that very thing in World War II.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Works Citied</span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Chomsky, Noam. Year 501: The Conquest Continues. Boston: South End, 1993.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Print.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">"People v. Hall 4 Cal. 399 (California Supreme Court 1854)." UC Hastings College</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">of the Law. Web. 11 Apr. 2011. <http://www.uchastings.edu/racism-race/people-hall.html>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Corson-Finnerty, Adam. "Japan-US Relations Before WWII." Musings of Mine.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">25 Nov. 2006. Web. <http://musingsofcorsonf.blogspot.com/2006/11/japan-us-relations-before-wwii.html>.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: Georgia;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Corson-Finnerty, Adam. "Japan-US Relations Before WWII." Musings of Mine.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">25 Nov. 2006. Web. <http://musingsofcorsonf.blogspot.com/2006/11/japan-us-relations-before-wwii.html>.</span></div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-35467756806986757812011-03-27T20:51:00.000-07:002011-03-27T20:51:02.554-07:00China’s 1911 People's Revolution: Success or Failure?<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</style> <![endif]--> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEVrV9dypJ3cqC556vw79uY7g0OGTJ0zO7raLzAIY4QzTTBrU1r7DzwfZEdN6u6w0-Gcs-xK-MYoPw7rq0lOugJ0J4Hab18S1UyZczhZRrdJ0ogxxFAEjV_dVHblHQa8lGpcbRXxx6loU/s1600/1911+chinese+revolution.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEVrV9dypJ3cqC556vw79uY7g0OGTJ0zO7raLzAIY4QzTTBrU1r7DzwfZEdN6u6w0-Gcs-xK-MYoPw7rq0lOugJ0J4Hab18S1UyZczhZRrdJ0ogxxFAEjV_dVHblHQa8lGpcbRXxx6loU/s320/1911+chinese+revolution.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The question of whether the 1911 revolution in China was successful can be seen in many different ways.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I guess before one could answer that question one must first understand what the main goals of the revolution were; I believe that some of the main end goals of the revolution (in no particular order) were as followed:</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 42.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Bring Stability</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 42.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Bring Equality</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 42.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Modernize China Industrially and <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Economically</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 42.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Stop Oppressive Foreign Intervention</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 42.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>End Qing Rule</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 42pt; text-indent: -0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 24.0pt;">With the goals of the revolution being stated there are several things to keep in mind such as success and failure are relative terms.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An example of this would be; was the Korean War a success or failure?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That question in particular would bring you a wide range of answers from yes to no and everything in between.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 24pt;"><span> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 24.0pt;">Another aspect of the problem is that revolution is a messy business in and of itself.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Very rarely do people revolt and know what they want, especially when they have lived under a monarchy for 4,000 years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It wasn’t as though China could look back to anything in their history and say “remember before” because monarchies had ruled China as long as there had been a China.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Look at the American Revolution for example; the recently freed colonies established a government under the Articles of Confederation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The United States lingered on under a failed system for over 10 years before they drafted the U.S. Constitution and came to a more functional system of government.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I think one of the problems people make when studying revolutions is that they try to figure out what the revolutionaries wanted when the real answer is merely that they wanted something else.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 24pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 24.0pt;">Let’s now look at some of the places that the 1911 revolution did succeed in and start to make a case why it was a success.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Chinese economy was a mix of feudal enterprise and capitalism before the revolution.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although after the revolution feudalism still was an aspect of the economy because of foreign intervention in the area, global occurrences such as WWI drew attention away from China and allowed it to become more modern in some aspects.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>China never really achieved a fully capitalist economy but I feel that it was at most a success in this area and at worst a moderate gain.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Either way it accomplishes a goal of the revolution, something different than the status quo.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 24pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Another goal of the revolution was to bring equality to China.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is true that when you think equality I am not speaking of equality in ethnic and religious minorities or even in women; the equality of that time is that all Chinese men of the predominant religion and ethnicity were equal.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In this sense it was a success; under Qing rule Manchu’s were held in a higher class than other ethnicities.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After the 1911 revolution Manchu (who were also a minority of the population) as well as every other native ethnic faction were regarded as equals.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Considering the 1911 definition of equality, equality was achieved; was it perfect, no, but it was a step forward rather than a step back. </div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Now that we have gone over some of the success of the Chinese Revolution of 1911 it is time to study some of the downfalls as a result of the revolution.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>China lost territory at this time; it lost the lands of Mongolia and Tibet among many other lands leading up to the revolution.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One may say that this loss of territory was a failure but I view it as inevitable.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Sino – Japanese War and the growth of Japan as a regional power house sealed the fate of China and some of its outer territories more than the revolution did.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some would consider this loss of territory a result of the revolution whereas I see it being the result of a power shift in the region that would have happened revolution or not. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>It almost sounds rhetorical but when reading the history of the revolution it makes sense; the revolution stopped a lot of the ethnic division but created a civil war in China that lasted up until 1950.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I would say the revolution was a failure in bringing stability to China; even though it did end a lot of the ethnic persecution, but difference of political ideology and foreign intervention kept the Chinese fighting for the next 40 years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although in principle the goal was achieved, the violence and unrest continued just in a different form.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>China as a whole became weaker as a result of the revolution but should this even be considered a failure?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Has there ever been an instance in which a revolution occurs and the proceeding government isn’t initially weaker?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I know this seems like lame reasoning but even bad governments are sometimes more effective than a good young government.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is again unreasonable to expect that China was somehow supposed to rise from the ashes of this revolution and have a clear and present goal of what to do next.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span> </span>The revolution was a failure in the sense that it helped create Japan into a dominant regional power.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To bring balance to any situation it generally helps to have two sides of equal strength.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although Qing China was not at equal strength as Japan it was a deterrent in Japan’s expansionist goals.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When Qing China fell it gave the green light for Japan to acquire more land unchecked and unquestioned because Russia was also having problems of its own at this time as well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span> </span>Some consider the 1911 revolution a failure because it ruined the Classical Chinese language and customs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I again disagree with this point for several reasons.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>First of all if the Chinese people wished to hold on to these customs they would have, the reason they let these customs go is because they wanted to.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A lot of times after a revolution you see people change their customs because they feel that they need to reinvent themselves and older customs link them with a past they are trying to forget.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span> </span>One thing that I do believe was a goal of the revolution that it did fail to achieve was to boot foreign influence out of the country. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Japan and the west were players in Japan before 1911 and continued to be well after the revolution was over.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the defense of the revolution this would have been near impossible to achieve but none the less this goal was not reached by the revolutionaries.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span> </span>In closing, I think it is important to keep in mind that this wasn’t the only thing that affected the China we see today.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the 100 years since the revolution China has undergone many other wars and revolutions that made China what it is.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It wasn’t till 1950, a full 39 years after the revolution that a unified China was achieved.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In my opinion the 1911 revolution was not a failure but at the same time it was not a complete victory for the revolutionaries.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The revolution did achieve one of the main things it was striving for even though the revolutionaries may not have wanted it after the fact, something different.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-26230351731612261082011-03-27T18:14:00.000-07:002011-03-27T18:14:11.928-07:00Effects of the Sino - Japanese War (1894 - 1895)<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</style> <![endif]--> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7pChU0zYyqKK5s_0ZW38pOJFfMyZ19N23eKZNwCjXvD3C5BWeJsUsTcwJYMiBUdPnFMmkTUoZzmPC-iRTet2A8RkovbZzBoyilibP9Z3mRVsD0hIAgoW4MZKe481LyJeVUDs7pJoULeU/s1600/sino-japanese+war.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="251" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7pChU0zYyqKK5s_0ZW38pOJFfMyZ19N23eKZNwCjXvD3C5BWeJsUsTcwJYMiBUdPnFMmkTUoZzmPC-iRTet2A8RkovbZzBoyilibP9Z3mRVsD0hIAgoW4MZKe481LyJeVUDs7pJoULeU/s320/sino-japanese+war.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The First Sino – Japanese War started in 1894 CE and ended with the suing for peace by the Qing Empire of China in 1895 CE.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although this was a very short was it created very lasting effects on the area and East / West interaction.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The following will look at how the First Sino – Japanese War effected China, Japan, Korea, and non-east powers in the region.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Let’s first look at how the Sino – Japanese War effected the Chinese and the then ruling Qing dynasty.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Sino – Japanese War itself didn’t have drastic effects on China, it was more so the after effects of the war that hurt China.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When studying East Asia the one thing that is always seen is the power struggle between Japan and China.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There are brief moments in the region’s history where other kingdoms rose to power but it was always temporarily and with this fall from power either the Japanese or the Chinese always stepped up to take the lead.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Leading up to this war China was the power house in the region but power was slowly going towards Japan; this war was in some ways inevitable because both Japan and China wanted to make themselves “King” of the region.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The result of this war told the world in a very clear voice that anything done in the Far East would go through or against Japan.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The war not only demoralized the Chinese government but the Chinese people as a well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Empire’s just don’t disappear overnight; sound defeat of China in the Sino – Japanese War would bring revolutions and unrest in mainland China sooner rather than later.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This loss would make instances like China’s 100 Days of Reform, The Boxer Rebellion, and the Peoples Rebellion in 1911 / 12 come about.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A people who are living in an economically successful and victorious state are less likely to revolt against it; this was a major turning point and the beginning of the end for Qing rule in China.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Another effect of the Sino – Japanese War on China was the eventual partition of China itself.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The western powers who were heavily invested in the area expected the Chinese to win the war easily.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When the Chinese folded in only a year this sent a message to the West that China wasn’t near as strong as they thought it was.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These sounding defeats of the Chinese caused the west to invest more into their interests in China, causing regions to become dramatically different depending on the western nation invested in the region.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All these things weakened the Qing Dynasty and led it into its eventual demise in 1911.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>On the other hand Japan suffered none of the ill effects that China suffered from the Sino – Japanese War.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For Japan this was a turning point in many ways and victory in this war sealed Japan’s destiny in regards to WWII, the Russo – Japanese War, and other regional and global conflicts for the next 50 years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After the Sino – Japanese War the Chinese people felt defeat, but the Japanese felt victory and this spurred them on.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When a government is winning in war and economics, its people will usually go along with it as long as the victories keep coming.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Safety and strong economies lull a people into inaction regardless of the nation involved.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The sounding victory by Japan not only made it a regional power but set up Japan to be a world power as well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When Japan defeated the Russian’s in the Russo – Japanese War, when the Qing Empire fell and China broke out into civil war, when the Tsar was overthrown in Russia; all these things helped propel Japan as a major world power because the other regional powers became so weak.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>One of the direct results of the war was that Taiwan came directly under Japanese control and Korea became a proxy state of Japan, not China.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some Chinese ports also became open to Japanese manufactured goods and Japanese factories.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These things gave the Japanese the confidence to become an imperial power in the region; this very thirst for land would eventually lead Japan into WWII.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Growing expansion of Japan in the region spurred the United States into imperialism mode and they soon acquired the Philippines and Guam from the Spanish as well as island hoping which landed them Hawaii among other places.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One of the main reasons Hawaii was annexed was fear that the Japanese would take control of these logistically vital islands in the middle of the vast Pacific Ocean.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The Sino – Japanese War had very little impact on Korea as a whole.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Korea was already under the proxy control of the Chinese when the war broke out; after the war Korea then became a proxy state under the Japanese.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is true that many things did change for the Korean people because of the war but really they just changed from one overlord to another so ideological change was the main switch.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-87652241494386889972011-03-27T14:24:00.000-07:002011-03-27T14:24:00.378-07:00Finding the Common Thread: Revolutions in Bahrain, Oman, Yemen, and Libya<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</style> <![endif]--> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHH1PxBIoXPCQvc5I0p11dNozec7fVjoZLYJP7440ck2zndc43ufDaJ7h7gugJy2czGR5h2S4gM0VCe8fVR3GcGMpapicZ2BULYbQrMq56y9drPCEKnaJIj5lDBWoucPZ0cLy45nQwChA/s1600/2011-arab-revolution-tunisia-egypt-bahrain-libyamid.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="226" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHH1PxBIoXPCQvc5I0p11dNozec7fVjoZLYJP7440ck2zndc43ufDaJ7h7gugJy2czGR5h2S4gM0VCe8fVR3GcGMpapicZ2BULYbQrMq56y9drPCEKnaJIj5lDBWoucPZ0cLy45nQwChA/s320/2011-arab-revolution-tunisia-egypt-bahrain-libyamid.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>When analyzing these nations and their individual revolutions it is important to keep in mind that all revolutions are different, that people have suffered from different predicaments and have lived a different history and in some instances the people want different changes in their respective governments.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is crucial to keep in mind that although all these people revolting have many different things in common they also have a great deal of differences which make their particular struggle unique.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>My goal is to point out where these four revolutions in particular share a common thread, and not where they are different.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although this essay will mention some of the differences it will focus on the common thread.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Before one can understand the individual issues they must understand how these revolutions are possible.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I feel that all revolutions, political, social, and the like are not spurred on by one thing, but rather several things and it just may be that one issue may push a people over the edge.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Revolutions of any kind are like the old saying “the straw that broke the camel’s back.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In this theory, it is easy for the unenlightened to look at the situation and say that one thing; usually the final straw (most recent issue) is what caused this revolution.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What really causes the break of the back (revolution) is this gradual building of straws (years of ignored or mishandled issues,) the final straw doesn’t break the back of the camel by itself, it’s all the straws combined.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span> </span>With this theory of revolution stated, I believe that there are many factors in these revolutions that may be isolated to each of these individual nations, shared among a few of them, or shared among them all.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The key issues that all these nations share in common are high unemployment, massive youth populations, and exclusive governments; these are the three factors that these four rebellions have in common.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While keeping those three things in mind let’s look at each nation and their individual situation:</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b>Bahrain</b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span> </span>Bahrain is an archipelago in the Persian Gulf located less than 50 miles off the eastern coast of Saudi Arabia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This nation is one of the smaller nations in the area and is only about three to four times the size of the District of Columbia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The nation of Bahrain has a population of approximately 1,300,000 with a non-national population included in that total of 250,000.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The non-national population makes up about 20% of the population and is mostly from central and southeastern Asia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This statistic may seem like an irrelevant statistic but it is a variable that deals with the issue of unemployment.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Currently unemployment of Bahrain is at 16% (1) as reported by the BBC among other news and civil agencies.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This number may not seem really high considering the U.S’s unemployment is at 8.9% but 16% unemployment is one of the highest in the Gulf region and is almost double that in the Shia community who make up approximately 70% of the population.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The ruling family of Bahrain is Sunni and Sunni Muslims make up about 25% of the population and their level of unemployment is very low.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The majority of the foreign nationals in Bahrain are in Bahrain on work visas and their unemployment rate is near zero.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>So to clarify; In Bahrain 70% of the population is Shia, excluded from power and is suffering from around 32% unemployment.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These numbers are enough to drive any people to revolution and I feel that this is one of the factors if not the major factor in Bahrain’s revolution.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The unemployment issue is also an issue of religious discrimination and when religion becomes a factor for excluding someone, it creates a whole new level of rage.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">One of key reasons that unemployment is so high in Bahrain is because of the global recession that started in 2007 / 2008.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Bahrain is not as rich in natural resources as some of its neighbors so it has compensated by becoming a center for banking in the region.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The global recession caused oil and natural gas prices to fall, meaning oil and natural gas powerhouses in the region had less money to put in the bank, meaning Bahrain was affected by this lack of capital coming in.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Bahraini economy is not diverse enough to withstand the fickle twist and turns of the oil and natural gas markets.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Another reason for the growing unrest in Bahrain is the massive youth population.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Around 77% of the population is between the years of 15 and 64 and the median age is around 31 years old (2).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I believe that one of the major things needed for a revolution to occur is for it to have a large youth movement and in Bahrain as well as the rest of the Arab world there is a substantial youth population.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The youth unemployment in the nation of Bahrain is at 19.6% (3) by BBC figures.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Youth across the world despite of color, ethnicity, or religion are naturally rebellious; when these same youth suffer from high unemployment it just adds fuel to the fire.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The last common ground Bahrain shares with Oman’s, Libya’s, and Yemen’s revolution are the exclusiveness of the government.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What I mean by the exclusiveness of the government is that the majority of Bahrainis are exempt from participating in their government.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The government of Bahrain is a constitutional monarchy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The country is ran by the royal family who again are Sunni which is the minority population and the parliament that is in place in the country has very little power, King Hamad bin Isa Al-Khalifa holds the real power, appoints his cabinet and a great deal of the members of parliament.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The notion of the people having a voice through free and fair elections in Bahrain is merely a myth imposed on the people by the king.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The protesters in Bahrain are united under one banner, the banner of reform.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To what degree of reform there are different views.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some wish to see the royal family stay in place but want some of the actual power to go parliament, others want the royal family out completely and a new constitution to be written as well as a new government elected.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To see this take place one shouldn’t discredit the protesters; even here in America some wanted to make G.W. Washington a king.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Democracy can be a messy thing at times.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b>Yemen</b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Yemen is the next nation in revolt this essay will examine.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Yemen is located on the southwestern tip of the Arabian Peninsula.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The nation of Yemen is roughly twice the size of the state of Wyoming.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Yemen has a population of 24,133,492 (4) and is split between Sunni and Shia Islam as well as mush smaller populations of Jews, Christians, and Hindu.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The majority of the population is Arab but considering its proximity to Africa and the situation in Somalia there is a substantial Afro-Arab population.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">Yemen’s geographic location is very pivotal to the world.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Yemen overlooks the Bab el Mandeb, a small shipping causeway that connects the Red Sea with the Arabian Sea.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Bab el Mandeb is as vital to international shipping as the Suez Canal is.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If one of these waterways was to become too unstable the other would suffer the same fate by default, their fates are interwoven.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">When figuring out the divide between Sunni and Shia is hard to pin point the exact numbers but most estimates put the Sunni population at making up 63%, the Shia population making up 36% of the total population, with 1% being classified as other (5,6.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This ethnic diversity is one of the many causes of turmoil in Yemen.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">Yemen in some ways could be the most complicated of all these four revolutions to understand.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Bahrain, Libya, and Oman have layers to their problems and the straw theory still holds true in all; but Yemen’s layers have layers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The land of Yemen has seen fighting in one form or another for the last century.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The whole of Yemen came under Ottoman control in 1538.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The southern part of Yemen came under the control of the British in 1839 and gained independence in 1967.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>North Yemen was under Ottoman control till 1918.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1970 (7,) North and South Yemen were two different nations; in that same year North and South Yemen entered into a civil war over “cold war ideals” and continued to fight for the next 20 years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1990 the two nations were united as Yemen but the sectarian violence still continues till today.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The Yemeni revolution may have been one of the hardest to see coming because Yemen was already a volatile situation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is true that Egypt or Tunisia where not bastions of peace before their revolutions but Yemen has been substantially more volatile than Egypt or Tunisia in their recent past.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">So are the common three threads prevalent issues in the Yemeni revolution?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To that question I would again say yes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Yemen is a country that seems to have distorted figures.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Unemployment of the nation is estimated as low as 18% (8) and as high as 40%; either way the unemployment issue in Bahrain is extremely high. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>UNICEF estimates that nearly 40% of the youth will suffer from unemployment at some point in the next ten years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Yemen is also the poorest of the Gulf States so unemployment / economics definitely play a role in this revolution.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">Although Yemen is extremely poor as compared to its neighbors it has a very sizable youth population.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>97.4% (4) of the population is under the age of 64 years old, 70% (10) of the population is under 25 and 50% of the population is younger than 15.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Yemeni society may be one of the oldest in the world but its people are some of the youngest.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A poor youth is a key element in any revolution and Yemen has plenty unemployed or under paid youth.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The final common thread we are looking for in Yemen is an exclusive government.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Yemini government is to say the least complicated and it is easy to see the corruption.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The current president of Yemen is President Ali Abdallah Salih and he has been president of Yemen since the nation was created in 1990, and before that he was president of North Yemen from 1978 till it’s unification with the south.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">If someone has been president for over 30 years, he is in most instances a dictator or authoritarian, not a president.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The government itself is a shamble of tribal alliances that is ineffective at ruling the country as a whole and this also helps spreads the distrust towards the central government.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The protesters for the most part are united around the call for President Ali Abdallah Salih to step down; once he steps down its anyone’s game but the protesters are at the least united in that goal.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All these factors among many other individual localized issues have helped feed the revolution in Yemen and will continue to feed hostilities into the future until they are resolved.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b>Oman</b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Oman is the last of the Gulf States that this essay will be reviewing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Oman is located east of Yemen and is at the southeastern tip of the Arabian Peninsula and is slightly smaller than the state of Kansas.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Oman has a population of 3,027,959 (11) with a foreign national population of 577,293.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Shia / Sunni split are nowhere near as prevalent as in Bahrain or Yemen; in fact the majority of Omanis, 75% (12) are of the Islamic sect called Ibadhi.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Ibadhi are one of the oldest sects in Islam and identify with neither Sunni nor Shia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Religious tension unlike Bahrain and Yemen are not a major factor in Oman.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>A 2004 estimate puts unemployment at 15% in Oman but some people may believe that current unemployment may be near 25%.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Whether unemployment is 15 or 25% it is still a factor causing growing unrest in Oman. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dwindling natural resource reserves have caused Oman to diversify like many Gulf States.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is true that they have diversified but many of the unemployed would say not soon enough.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The youth population is a major factor in Oman. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Like its western neighbor Yemen Oman has a very substantial youth population.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The median age for an Omani citizen is 24 years old; 96.9% (12) of the population is under the age of 65 years old, 31.2% of the population is under 15 years old and 65.7% of the population is from 15 – 64 years old.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This bulge of a youth population help feeds the instability in Oman.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The government of Oman is very exclusive to a very few.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The government of Oman is a monarchy and its Sultan is Qaboos bin Sain bin Taimoor. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He has been Sultan since July 23<sup>rd</sup>, 1970 and Prime Minister since July 23<sup>rd</sup>, 1972.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is a parliament in place but it is very weak and controls very little.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Like in Bahrain the Sultan’s word is law, and this is a major contributor to the unrest in Oman.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Oman’s sultanate is in a different situation than the sultan of Bahrain; in Bahrain there is a large movement to have the royal family removed whereas in Oman there is a small movement to have the sultan removed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The majority of the Omani protesters want the Sultan to relinquish some of his powers to parliament, giving the people a voice; but it seems to me from my observations that most of the protesters in Oman want their Sultan to stay in power.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Oman’s revolution is the least volatile of the three and probably the easiest to fix.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If the Sultan of Oman is willing to make some concessions than he will in all likelihood stay in power and the state can avoid an all-out revolution like in Libya, Yemen, and Bahrain.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This lack of mass revolt is one of the reasons that this revolution’s overview is so small, the fate of Oman will be affected by what the Sultan does and unlike Gadhafi he can still come in line with the wants and needs of his people.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b>Libya</b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The last revolution this essay will look at is the revolution in Libya.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Libya is located in northern Africa and lies in between Algeria and Tunisia on its west with Egypt on its eastern border.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Libya is on the southern coast of the Mediterranean Sea and is roughly the size of Alaska (13).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">Libya is very crucial to the world economy and in particular Europe.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Libya exports roughly 85% (14) of its oil to Europe making it very dependent on the west and the west on Libya.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The global recession hit the Libyan economy hard, this recession meant a drop in crude prices, and drops in crude prices hurt the economy of Libya considering that petroleum makes up around 25% of GDP.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The recession caused unemployment in Libya to spike; although statistics from Libya are sometimes skewed it is believed that before the revolution unemployment was around 30% (13).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Again, economics is one of the driving forces behind a revolution and a 30% unemployment rate will upset many regardless of who it is.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Libya has a population of 6,597,960 with a non-national population of approximately 166,510.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Like in most Arab states there is a large youth population; the median age of Libya is 24.5 which makes the nation’s populous extremely young.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Like in all the previous viewed states unemployment runs higher in the youth populations than in older demographics.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Libya’s government is run by Col. Muammar Abu Minyar al-Gadhafi; he has been in power since 1 September 1969. Although the colonel has no official title he is the de facto head of state.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The type of government officially is a Jamahiriya or a state of the masses; this is only in theory, most people would agree that Libya is an authoritarian state.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This loose confederation of tribes that makes up the government gives the illusion that everyone has a voice but in all actuality the people have virtually no control of their government, Col. Gadhafi has ultimate control.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">Libya’s oppressive control over its people really isn’t much different that Yemen, Oman, and Bahrain other than the fact that Gadhafi is such an interesting leader. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Gadhafi has said in interviews since the revolution has started that he cannot be removed from power because he holds no power, the people do.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His sometimes delusional actions make him one of the most interesting Arab leaders and also one of the most violent.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When unrest hit Libya Gadhafi didn’t hesitate on using any means necessary to break the will of the protesters.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The revolution in Libya soon turned violent and as of today looks like a possible civil war.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b>Closing</b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">In closing I feel that each of these revolutions has different driving forces behind them, but all of them have these three things in common.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I think economics and oppression are the main driving forces behind revolt and large youth populations make revolution ever more likely. </div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Works Cited </span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4229337.stm">http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4229337.stm</a> (1)</div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ba.html">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ba.html</a> (2)</div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12583633">http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12583633</a> (3)</div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ym.html">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ym.html</a> (4)</div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.pbs.org/wnet/wideangle/episodes/pilgrimage-to-karbala/sunni-and-shia-the-worlds-of-islam/1737/">http://www.pbs.org/wnet/wideangle/episodes/pilgrimage-to-karbala/sunni-and-shia-the-worlds-of-islam/1737/</a> (5)</div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://pewforum.org/Muslim/Mapping-the-Global-Muslim-Population%286%29.aspx">http://pewforum.org/Muslim/Mapping-the-Global-Muslim-Population%286%29.aspx</a> (6)</div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/international/countriesandterritories/yemen/index.html">http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/international/countriesandterritories/yemen/index.html</a> (7)</div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://yemen24news.blogspot.com/2011/03/yemen-says-unemployment-rate-not-over.html">http://yemen24news.blogspot.com/2011/03/yemen-says-unemployment-rate-not-over.html</a> (8)</div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.unicef.org/yemen_53074.html">http://www.unicef.org/yemen_53074.html</a> (9)</div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://muftah.org/?p=718">http://muftah.org/?p=718</a> (10)</div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mu.html">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mu.html</a> (11)</div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.arabruleoflaw.org/countryprofiles/oman.html">http://www.arabruleoflaw.org/countryprofiles/oman.html</a> (12)</div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ly.html">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ly.html</a> (13)</div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.iea.org/files/facts_libya.pdf">www.iea.org/files/facts_libya.pdf</a> (14)</div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-25331014695881307312011-03-27T13:51:00.000-07:002011-03-27T13:51:54.182-07:00Who has the Ultimate Claim? Israel or Palestine.<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML/> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLxRJChdLXDhc1Dj15_ysOcJl7mSBurrC2bjN5NWOOqemzQAoaiOvYvLPT5AY_7Ft9igss2n3nje9HktJ8xsrxbmMATUdQx4YQ6LIqdzOIB5OLwMpvlkOgOwLEYo-HMgu4SrGAXThkfkM/s1600/israel-palestineessay1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLxRJChdLXDhc1Dj15_ysOcJl7mSBurrC2bjN5NWOOqemzQAoaiOvYvLPT5AY_7Ft9igss2n3nje9HktJ8xsrxbmMATUdQx4YQ6LIqdzOIB5OLwMpvlkOgOwLEYo-HMgu4SrGAXThkfkM/s1600/israel-palestineessay1.jpg" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Question:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A land without a people for a people without a land.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Neither is Palestine nor are the Palestinian people a historical entity and thus have no claim to a nation state on the territory. The land is therefore free for the Jews who have a long-standing historical claim to the land.</span></i></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">A land without a people for a people without a land; this saying was the battle cry for the Zionist movement from the beginning clear till the present day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">This phrase is one of the most common used phrases in the literature of Zionism and perhaps also the most problematic.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is true that Jews were a people without a land and had been since the Diaspora (Yiddish for exile) in 135 CE.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Diaspora were the several forced migrations of the Jews from Judea starting in the 8<sup>th</sup> – 6<sup>th</sup> century BCE with the destruction of the first temple and gradual expulsion of the population into slavery; the Diaspora came to a climax in 135 CE<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>with Bar Kokhba’s revolt against the Romans.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Since that time Jews have lived in all corners of the world and assimilated into European and Arab societies with periodical instances of anti-Semitism. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">With that being said the Diaspora of the Jews from Judea did not mean that the land was barren and uninhabited; neighboring populations moved into the area and started to make lives for themselves.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Not only was migration a factor, but there was also a local population to Judea that was not Jewish while the Jews lived in Judea.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The terrain of Judea kept it from becoming a massive center for culture in the Middle East, but cities like Jerusalem and Joppa remained relevant and continued to survive.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Agriculture was a major business in the region as well as trading.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Tourism from the pilgrimages to Jerusalem and through the area to Mecca and Medina brought income in as well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">One of the major reasons that the area of Judea never fell into complete obscurity was that Jerusalem is the most holy city for Jews and Christians, and the third most holy city in Islam; the three major monotheistic religions of the past and today.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Over the span of time many people paid in blood to control this land, the shipping lanes, trade, and everything else that goes with it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Judea is also at the cross roads between Asia and Africa making it a vital area to control or at the least to have as an ally.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">So the second part of the statement we need to analyze is that <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">“</i></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Neither is Palestine nor are the Palestinian people a historical entity and thus have no claim to a nation state on the territory. The land is therefore free for the Jews who have a long-standing historical claim to the land.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></i><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">The following essay will evaluate each side of the argument, from the Jewish Israeli point of view as well as the Arab Palestinian side. </span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">The Case for Jewish Israel</span></b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>There are many ways in which one can defend the Israeli control of some former Palestinian territories as well as the concept of the state as a whole.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The first issue I would like to discuss is the most logical and the “horse before the cart” so to speak and discusses the creation of Israel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Does the nation of Israel have the right to exist? </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>As mentioned above, the Jewish people have a historical connection to the land Judea.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As Charles Krauthhammer said:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">"Israel is the very embodiment of Jewish continuity: It is the only nation on earth that inhabits the same land, bears the same name, speaks the same language, and worships the same God that it did 3,000 years ago. You dig the soil and you find pottery from Davidic times, coins from Bar Kokhba, and 2,000-year-old scrolls written in a script remarkably like the one that today advertises ice cream at the corner candy store."(1)</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">The Jews were once the ancient inhabitants to the land today known as Israel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ancient history dates the Jews in Israel at the latest 1208 B.C.E when a reference to their defeat to the Egyptians is wrote in Hieroglyphics. (2)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If this was one of the first mentioning’s of the Jews, they would have obviously had to have been there before hand to be worth mentioning in the Egyptian chronicles of war.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Bible and Torah date the settling by Abraham and his descendants of the land called Israel in between the 17<sup>th</sup> – 6<sup>th</sup> (3) century B.C.E.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Once the Jews fled Egypt, they remained in this land till the year 135 C.E when the final blow of the Diaspora sent the remaining remnants of the Jewish population into slavery with Bar Kokhba’s revolt against the Romans.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This ancient connection to the land is one of the reasons the Jewish people have a claim to Israel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Another reason the Jews can call Israel their rightful home is the mass wave of migrations back to Israel that have occurred over time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">At the beginning of the Zionist movement the Jews were without a homeland to call their own; the concept of nationality was in its infancy and Jews all over the world wished to have a land that they could call their own.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Judaism is different from most religions in the sense that Jews see themselves in the same manner that an American or Syrian sees themselves.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Ottoman Empire, the ruler of Palestine from 1516 CE – 1917 CE were friendly to Jews and encouraged them to migrate to their kingdom while protecting them during times of Western anti-Semitism such as the Spanish Inquisition.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The policy of the Ottoman Empire created a healthy environment where Jews and Muslims lived at peace.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jews have been re-migrating back to Israel since the early 1800’s.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Most of these early settlements ended in failure which was the result of the immigrants being unfamiliar with the area, crops that should be raised, no tolerance to local diseases, and no employment opportunities.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The first Aliya which occurred from 1881 – 1882 and attracted estimated 25,000 – 35,000 Jewish immigrants.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The First Aliya was the first massive group of immigrants who came to the land of Palestine with the idea of turning the land into a national home for Jews.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Since this time massive amounts of Jews have migrated to Israel, some have succeeded whereas some have failed. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The Balfour Declaration of 1917 is a treaty that is commonly used to defend Jewish Israel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Balfour Agreement was a formal statement of policy in which the British government stated that:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">“His Majesty’s government view with favor the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavors to facilitate the achievement of this objective, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country.”</span></i><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"> (4)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Although many have argued over time whether a “home for Jewish people” meant a Jewish state of Israel or just a place for them to migrate to; the intent of the document is unclear and will probably never be settled one way or the other.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I believe that the best way to look at the Balfour Declaration is to not use it solely as a reason for a Jewish Israel, but a factor in a long list defending a Jewish Israel.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Another aspect that needs to be taken into effect is United Nations General Assembly Resolution 181 (II) Future Government of Palestine.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">On November 29<sup>th</sup>, 1947 the United Nations General Assembly voted 33 to 13, with 10 nations not voting, in favor of a Partition Plan that created the State of Israel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">This resolution called for the end of the British Mandate of Palestine and the creation of two separate states in Palestine; one state under Jewish control and one state under Arab control and was to take effect by August 1<sup>st</sup> 1948.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also under this resolution the areas of Bethlehem and Jerusalem would be under special international protection.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This resolution was sought to address two sides to an argument, the Arab Palestinian and the Zionist movements.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">This was within several months of the Partition of India / Pakistan so this was not exactly a revolutionary concept.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The following is an excerpt from </span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Resolution 181 (II):</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">“Part I: Section A: Issue 3; Independent Arab and Jewish States and the special International Regime of the City of Jerusalem, set forth in part III of this plan, shall come into existence in Palestine two months after the evacuation of the armed forces of the mandatory Power has been completed but in any case not later than 1 October 1948.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The boundaries of the Arab State, the Jewish State, and the City of Jerusalem shall be as described in parts II and III below”</span></i><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"> (5.) </span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">The British relinquished their temporary control over Palestine in 1948 as planned.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Nearly as soon as the British pulled out of Israel war broke out between Jews and Arabs living in Israel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The war soon was between much of the Arab world and Israel as other Arab nations came to the aid of the Palestinians.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The nations of Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Lebanon, Transjordan, Syria, Egypt, and Anglo-Egyptian Sudan fought; as well as several different groups like the Holy War Army, the Arab Liberation Army, and the Muslim Brotherhood.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The war was relatively quick and within a year an armistice was signed between Israel and her neighbors.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Armistice was signed with Egypt on February 24<sup>th</sup>, Lebanon on March 23<sup>rd</sup>, Jordan on April 3<sup>rd</sup>, and Syria on July 20<sup>th</sup>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">With the fore mentioned information this brings me to my last case for the Jewish state of Israel; “to the victor belong the spoils” (6.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This very phrase was coined by New York Senator William L. Marcy in 1831 and embodies a vital aspect of human behavior in regards to military conquest.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Jewish state has fought many wars with its Arab neighbors; the results in many of these wars were treaties which recognized Israel as a state.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The following are some of these military engagements and what was achieved in its treaties.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
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</div><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">1948 War for Independence (1948 Arab – Israeli War)</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">The basic overview of this war was listed earlier; peace was made with various Arab nations and Israel on different dates but the result of the war was clearly in favor of the victorious Jewish state.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Before the 1948 Arab – Israeli war the land that the U.N. proposed for the state of Israel constituted at a 50 / 50 split between Arab and Jewish land; after the war the land was divided at 70 / 30 (7) rate in favor of the Jews.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The cease fire lines of this war are commonly referred to as the “Green Line.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The land which is today called the West Bank would be under control of the Jordanian state and Gaza would be under the control of Egypt.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jerusalem would be split into the East and West, with Arabs ruling the West bank and the Jewish state ruling the East Bank.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">The Sinai War</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">The peace between Israel and her neighbors was very short lived.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Israel was under constant attack on her borders and goods traveling to Israel often never made it there.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Straights of Tiran were also blockaded by the Egyptian navy cutting Israel of from the Red Sea and transit over Egyptian airspace towards Israel was forbidden.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">In July of 1956 President Nasser of Egypt nationalized the Suez Canal and all of its assets.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Britain and France were the primary stock holders of the canal, and responded to the nationalization by sending military vessels to the Mediterranean Sea.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In October of 1956 Israel attacked Egypt and within four days Israeli forces reached the Suez Canal.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>British and French troops also aided Israel but faced international pressure from the U.S, the U.S.S.R, and the U.N and they eventually pulled out their land forces.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In March of 1957 Israel withdrew from the Sinai with the arrival of U.N troops.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although no real territory was ultimately gained from this war by Israel, their shipping lanes where now open and they gained a boost in moral from the relatively quick success.</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">The 1967 War (The Six Days War)</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">The 1967 Six Days War was the third major war in the Arab – Israeli conflict.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This war came about for several different reasons; U.N troops were expelled from the Sinai Peninsula by Egypt and again, the port of Eilat was blockaded.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Under international law this is a <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">casus belli, </i>(8) or act of war on the part of the Egyptians.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The war was chiefly fought by Syria, Jordan, and Egypt on the Arab side against Israel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The other Arab states as well as international powers played smaller parts to try to influence the outcome.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">The 1967 Six Days War broke out on June 5, 1967; Israel was faced with a force of approximately 465,000 lands forces, over 2,880 in tanks, and 810 aircraft.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Without going into much detail of this war like the others previously mentioned, the war was very quick and only lasted, 6 days (as the name alludes to.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When all the smoke had cleared Israel captured an additional 42,000 square miles of territory (7) gaining the Golan Heights from Syria and the Sinai from Egypt; Israel also accomplished this with much fewer causalities than its Arab counterparts.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">The War of Attrition</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">The War of Attrition was a limited war, it wasn’t a cold war but it never really escalated to full on battle.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This war was a war composed of terroristic tactics, counter insurgency, and small skirmishes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The war started after the 1967 Six Days War and continued up to 1970.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In many ways it could be seen as a continuation of the Six Days War since there seemed to be virtually no stop in the violence between both sides.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Hostilities continued until August of 1970 and ended with a cease fire and the borders remaining the same.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is hard to say exactly how many casualties there where but the effects of the War of Attrition were felt more by the Arab fighters in regards to casualties.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The October War (the Yom Kippur War)</span></b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">The October War or The Yom Kippur War took place from October 6 thru the 25<sup>th</sup>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Egyptian forces crossed the Suez Canal and established beachheads on the Israeli held East Bank.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At the same time this was happening in the Sinai Syrian forces pushed through territory lost in the 1967 Six Days War.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All of these things happened on Yom Kippur, one of the holiest days in the Jewish year.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Within two days Israeli forces were fully deployed and blocked Egyptian and Syrian advances; by the time of the cease fire on the 25<sup>th</sup> Israel had already gained most of the territory that it lost and like in previous wars, gained more territory against their aggressors.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Again official figures that were published in regards to casualties are not exactly reliable but it is believed that the Arab side suffered far more causalities than the Israeli side.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">First Lebanon War</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">In July of 1981 the PLO who was located in southern Lebanon opened a heavy artillery barrage on territory within northern Israel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A cease fire took effect on July 24<sup>th</sup> of 1981 but terrorist attacks continued against Israeli targets.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The 1982 Lebanon War began on June 6<sup>th</sup> 1982 when Israeli forces invaded southern Lebanon.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The final straw that drew Israel into war was the assassination attempt on Shlomo Argov, Israel’s foreign ambassador to the United Kingdom.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Lebanon then and now is a much divided country.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some of the military aspects in Lebanon came on the side of Israel whereas some fought against Israel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Syria has long had an interest in Lebanon and views the country as a key ally and buffer in between them and Israel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The war ended in September of 1982; the PLO withdrew from southern Lebanon and a buffer zone was created between the two countries to help prevent the two nations from warring against each other.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Second Lebanon War</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">The Second Lebanon War was fought between the Israeli military and Hezbollah.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The conflict started on July 12<sup>th</sup>, 2006 and ended with a U.N brokered cease fire on August 14<sup>th</sup>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The engagement didn’t formally end until September 8<sup>th</sup> when Israel lifted its naval blockade of Lebanon.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">The Second Lebanon War started in much the same way the first one did.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Rocket attacks came from southern Lebanon and rained down on the cities of Zar’it and Haifa.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When two Israeli soldiers were captured by Hezbollah, Israel crossed into Lebanese territory trying to re-capture the prisoners.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The war ended with the armistice and was probably the most indecisive war that Israel has fought in; who won is hard to say.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Israel had fewer casualties but it was still unsuccessful in bring any sort of peace to southern Lebanon.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">The Case for the Palestinians</span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Although it is debatable where the current Palestinian people came from and how they fit into the early history of Israel but the question should be asked is this issue even relevant?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Whether the Palestinians were in Judea at the same time as the Jews or were transplants after the Diaspora, they called Palestine their home for almost two millennia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The atrocity of the Jewish Diaspora is a shame, a tragedy even; but is it any different than the tragedy laid on the people of Palestine when they were ripped by force from their homeland?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One may say that too much time has passed to give back land that was unfairly taken from the Palestinians, I would argue that not enough time has passed to look at this issue in reminiscence; the plight of the Palestinians is alive today!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As long as Palestinians live in tent cities in neighboring nations, as long as inch by inch Israel claims what little is left of Palestine, as long as Palestinians are considered second class citizens in their own home land this issue is not of the past but very much of the present.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The first topic to look at would be who has more of a historical right to the land.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is true that Jews lived in the land of Judea almost two millennia ago and were forced out of the area by slavery and persecution; it is terrible that the Diaspora happened but why should the Palestinians be punished for something they didn’t even do that occurred almost 2,000 years later?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There seems to be a flaw in the logic of claiming a land to be your home that you have not known personally since 135 CE.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Will Native American tribes ever receive all their land back, what about Australian Aborigines or the Maori of New Zealand?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The answer to that question is no because time has moved on, the native people who were forced to move are dead and so are their direct descendants; it would be unreasonable for Native American tribes to reclaim the Island of Manhattan; they have never known that land to be their own in their lifetime or even in recent memory.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The same cases can be made in New Zealand or Australia or any land for that matter where the native peoples are many centuries removed from what was once theirs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Palestinians on the other hand are not centuries removed from Palestine; it has only been 60 plus years since they suffered their Diaspora.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Many of the Palestinians today who live in slums of the West Bank or Gaza, who live in make shift houses in Jordan or on the other side of the world in Chile or America may have lived in and owned property in what is now modern day Israel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To make the argument that Jews had a claim to Palestine after 2,000 years of exile; do Palestinians have the same right to the land or at least the ability to live in harmony with the Jews after 60 years of exile?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The statement of “A land without a people for a people without a land” is wrong to speak mildly and egregious to common sense to say the least.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Palestine was not a land without a people.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The land which is Palestine has had human inhabitants in it since man became man, however you believe it happened.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The first Prime Minister of Israel Ben-Gurion even admitted that Palestine was not empty and went so far as to say the following as early as 1918 in an article:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">"Palestine is not an empty country . . . on no account must we injure the rights of the inhabitants." (9) </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>If Ben-Gurion believed this as well as other Jews of his time then why did the Zionist movement portray Palestine as a barren wasteland?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The truth of the matter is that if one was to admit the existence to the world community of the Palestinian people how could a Zionist in good character defend the creation of the state of Israel?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The answer to that question is because then you couldn’t defend the uprooting of a native population in good conscience.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Zionists fabricated a lie that Palestinians were almost non-existent, that open land was abundant in the region and that Jews were the largest demographic of the area.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The truth of the matter is that all of those statements are totally and completely false.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Another major issue in the Arab – Israeli Conflict is what were the Palestinians supposed to do if Jews do have a historical claim to the land; where were they expected to go?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jews who migrated to Israel where not roaming around the world lost for 2,000 years, they had established themselves all over the world.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There were large Jewish populations all over Europe, the Americas, and the Middle East that had assimilated well with the society around them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To take a land that is inhabited with people and turn around and hand it over to people who already have land, are you not creating a refugee issue?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Jewish people have suffered a great deal over their long history but are we being fair to reward Jews land at the expense of another people? <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If one was naïve enough to believe that it is fair to give the Jews Palestine then what are the Palestinians expected to do; doesn’t this just create a domino effect of refugees?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Again, what the Jewish people suffered over time is truly wrong, but punishing the Palestinians just makes a bad situation even worse.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Treaties were made on behalf of the Palestinians to help secure their home land.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These treaties were later ignored by the West and the Zionist movement was able to establish itself.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The first example of the west reneging on their word was with the Husayn – McMahon Letters.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These letters were written from July 1915 – January 1916 (7) and were the correspondence between Sharif Husayn of Mecca and Sir Henry McMahon the British High Commissioner in Cairo.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In these series of letters several things were wanted from each side.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>McMahon wanted the Arab peoples to rise up and revolt against the Ottoman Empire who ruled the majority of the Arab world at the time and in return Husayn wanted to establish an empire for himself.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Through these series of letters it was established that if the Arabs would revolt against the Ottomans the Arabs would then receive the backing of the British Empire.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A tentative kingdom was drawn out for Sharif Husayn and in this tentative plan included Palestine.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The reason that the British wanted an Arab revolt was because of WWI.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>During WWI the Ottomans and the British were fighting against each other and the war was turning into a stalemate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If the Ottomans were to suffer civil unrest this very unrest hoped the British would be enough to weaken the Central powers and help bring the war to an end.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the end the English failed to keep their word and the Sykes – Picot Agreement and nulled the vows in the McMahon – Husayn letters.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Summary</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>While researching this essay I have been pulled in various different directions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I can see where each side can make a case for themselves.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As for a solution to the problem I am not sure if I have one.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I think a lot of people have drawn up possible peace deals over the year; some of these deals have been good, some bad, and some in between.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Drawing up a peace plan is a good start, but peace cannot be achieved until both parties want peace.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The one thing I am sure of is that the conservative base of the Israeli, as well as the Palestinian side are not yet ready to negotiate, until this changes only small steps can be made in bringing a lasting peace to the region.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
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</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Works Cited </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.freeman.org/m_online/aug98/krauthmr.htm"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">http://www.freeman.org/m_online/aug98/krauthmr.htm</span></a><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> (1)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D2TP0pGJOjc"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D2TP0pGJOjc</span></a><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> (2)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Orlinsky, Harry Meyer. Ancient Israel. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1954. Print. (3)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://history1900s.about.com/cs/holocaust/p/balfourdeclare.htm"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">http://history1900s.about.com/cs/holocaust/p/balfourdeclare.htm</span></a><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> (4)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://domino.un.org/unispal.nsf/0/7f0af2bd897689b785256c330061d253"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">http://domino.un.org/unispal.nsf/0/7f0af2bd897689b785256c330061d253</span></a><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> (5)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/andrewjackson/"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/andrewjackson/</span></a><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> (6)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Smith, Charles. <span class="underline">Palestine and the Arab-Israeli Conflict</span>. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2009. (7)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/casus%20belli"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/casus%20belli</span></a><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> (8)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.palestineremembered.com/Acre/Palestine-Remembered/Story414.html"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">http://www.palestineremembered.com/Acre/Palestine-Remembered/Story414.html</span></a><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> (9)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
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</div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-60540129577651741132011-03-27T13:01:00.000-07:002011-03-27T13:01:47.828-07:00The Harvest Gypsies of Then and Now<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</style> <![endif]--> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBbWnVzcaY0T0D-g7muxHCwYSGN9SDzSMOfKaklA_p1mdW7jpyz7x8kT2q8tKyoZ4LgqE-28clrGRXkH3F1_JIxHbgt2_0QO8sGyhoTqpP2UNc70g4qSdDti0IJEAVdolWuZ71zd0Hvso/s1600/harvestgypsies.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="137" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBbWnVzcaY0T0D-g7muxHCwYSGN9SDzSMOfKaklA_p1mdW7jpyz7x8kT2q8tKyoZ4LgqE-28clrGRXkH3F1_JIxHbgt2_0QO8sGyhoTqpP2UNc70g4qSdDti0IJEAVdolWuZ71zd0Hvso/s320/harvestgypsies.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;">The “Harvest Gypsies: On the Road to the Grapes of Wrath” is a collection of pieces which appeared in the San Francisco News between October 5<sup>th</sup> thru October 12<sup>th </sup>1936.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These pieces were written by John Steinbeck and are a great read for anyone wanting to understand the United States in the 1930’s.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;">Although this book is about an America that many have never seen, it is very relevant in today’s world.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Not only does this book give you an insight to the Dust Bowl migrant workers, it also gives you an insight of some of the things current migrant workers have to deal with.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although the Dust Bowl workers and current Latino Migrant workers have different histories, their stories are very similar.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.25in;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span> I do not believe the current economic climate in United States is as bad as it was in the 1930’s but I feel that if the people in our government don’t understand the Depression of the 1930’s and how we got there, we will be doomed to repeat it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One of the many reasons the United States was thrown into the Depression was the lack of regulation in the banking industry; this country deregulated a lot of its banking industry under the Bush administration and I am afraid that if we don’t correct those measures we will fall back into an eerily similar situation, the same as the people in this book. </div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span></span> So back to the similarities between the Dust Bowl and the Latino migrant workers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The plight of the migrant worker throughout time is a similar one.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The majority of migrant workers become migrant workers because the economic condition of their home land is not sustainable; migration is the only solution and remedy for survival.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Migrant workers in this book came from the American Midwest; they came from Nebraska, Oklahoma, Kansas, North Texas and other regions that were located in the Dust Bowl.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Their homeland was no longer suitable for farming so they moved to a different area so they could survive, that area was California, Oregon, and parts of Washington.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They were predominantly white, protestant American citizens, like those in California, the only difference was that they were poor.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span></span> Latino’s who migrate to this country in modern times for work opportunities have come here for the same reasons as their Dust Bowl predecessors migrated to the West Coast; they cannot support themselves let alone their families in their home regions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although violence is an issue in a lot of Latin states, violence is a byproduct of poverty; economically successful societies don’t have major issues with violent crime. So again, poverty is the issue.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span></span> Both migrant workers from the Dust Bowl and current Latino workers are discriminated against.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Latino’s in this nation are treated as second class citizens. In many instances regardless of their citizenship, the Dust Bowl migrants were not treated much better, Steinbeck writes:</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><i>“The migrants are needed, and they are hated.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Arriving in a district they find the dislike always meted out by the residents to the foreigner, the outlander.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This hatred of the stranger occurs in the whole range of human history, from the most primitive village form to our own highly organized industrial farming.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> (pg. 20) </span></i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span></span> Although the ethnicity, religion, and other factors have changed over time in regards to migrant workers in the United States, some things always remains the same; the need for migrant workers and the bigoted views towards them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Migrant workers then and now are treated as second class citizens despite the fact those are the very same people discriminated against that keep our society running; without migrant workers many of the crops raised on our farms would go to waste because they would merely rot on the vine or tree.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cheap labor sustains this economy and puts food on American tables, it may not be an easy fact to digest but it is a fact none the less.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span></span> In closing I feel that “Harvest Gypsies: On the Road to the Grapes of Wrath” is a very good book to read and is very telling in regards to American views towards migrant workers and even the poor.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the present time many on the right view illegal immigrants as some disease whose sole purpose in life is to bring down the American economy and its way of life; this is simply not true.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Migrant workers come to this country because it is known as the land of opportunity, anyone with a great idea and a hard work ethic could make a fortune.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Why would anyone living in poverty and dealing with all the things poverty breads (disease, violence) not want to try to start over in a land where anything is possible?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The truth of the matter is that this is the very mentality that the United States was built on; that drive to success has sustained the American economy for over two centuries.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span></span> I also feel this book tells us a lot about how we treat our poor in this country.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When speaking of these things I think of phrases like “being your brother’s keeper,” or “a chain is only as strong as its weakest link.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although these phrases may be blown off as cheesy clichés I feel that there is some truth in them and this topic backs them up.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If the Great Depression taught us anything it is that anyone can become poor in an instance; we should all make peace with that and strive to do what we can to lift people up from those situations because you never know when and if you may be there as well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I think the sooner we can stop looking down on our poor and needy and give them a ladder out of the deep hole of poverty, only then will we be able to strive for greatness.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span>Works Cited</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span> </span></div>Steinbeck, John, and John Steinbeck. <i>The Harvest Gypsies: on the Road to the Grapes of Wrath</i>. Berkeley: Heyday, 1988. Print.<div class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-91524858161400836352011-03-07T06:47:00.000-08:002011-03-07T06:47:13.143-08:00Review of “Organizing Chaos” in Propaganda by Edward Bernays<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</style> <![endif]--> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj67bHE0yj7BfWuKKdDRVEHKoVaPFZ-zjhNzNkV4o7hnhahb__-_Pp8Uziho237aCtFfbdlxR2pQoluxC0fDuCS5iN3ZQ2IPC8B_seU2hKGHgpEUswcigEAG_uhyphenhyphenWWxMZQR_YIDLgDJjHs/s1600/propaganda.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj67bHE0yj7BfWuKKdDRVEHKoVaPFZ-zjhNzNkV4o7hnhahb__-_Pp8Uziho237aCtFfbdlxR2pQoluxC0fDuCS5iN3ZQ2IPC8B_seU2hKGHgpEUswcigEAG_uhyphenhyphenWWxMZQR_YIDLgDJjHs/s320/propaganda.jpg" width="223" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The short excerpt from the book “Organizing Chaos” in Propaganda by Edward Bernays (1928) gives an interesting look into how the author viewed some of the many difficult multi-facets of society.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I do realize that this book is a predecessor but Mr. Bernays views strike me as very Orwellian in content and flat out oppressive in belief.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is said in the introduction of the essay that Goebbels read this essay an adhered to many of Mr. Bernays philosophies; this makes a lot of sense after reading because many of the tactics and ideologies used by the Nazi’s can be found in this excerpt.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What may possibly be more concerning is at times I feel like my very own government has elements of Mr. Bernays imaginary one.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>One of the theories that the author had that I disagreed with was the following:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">“In theory, everybody buys the best and cheapest commodities offered him on the market.” (pg 2)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In context to this statement the author was speaking of how free markets limit themselves to a certain range of item.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>An example of this could be laundry detergent; stores sell a variety of laundry detergent but not all the items and chemicals needed to make laundry detergent.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The store has “decided” for us in Mr. Bernays model that making our own laundry detergent is not very cost effective.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This part of the theory I agree with; but in this quote there is also something I don’t agree with.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I don’t agree with Mr. Bernays that everyone strives to buy the best and cheapest commodity on the market.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In principle this sounds right but I would say that on average people who are in a particular market are not trying to find the best <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">AND</b> cheapest, they are rather looking for the best <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">OR</b> cheapest.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I believe where myself and the author disagree is because he lived in an America where there was still a thriving middle class, I on the other hand am exposed to an America where the middle class is ever shrinking and the majority of people find themselves drifting towards poverty, or in some rare cases wealth.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Poor people tend to try to find the cheapest of something because that is all that they can afford.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The rich tend to seek the nicest and most expensive of something because they have the capital to do so and nice items establish their economic superiority to others.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The middle class tends to be in the middle of these two ideologies but if the middle class is shrinking and what does exist of it is becoming more polarized, this median outlook will soon be a thing of the past.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is that very median outlook that pushes competition in a capitalist market.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The next quotation that I want to look at that is also problematic is this:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">“It might be better to have, instead of propaganda and special pleading, committees of wise men who would choose our rulers, dictate our conduct, private and public, and decide upon the best types of clothes for us to wear and the best kinds of food for us to eat.”</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">I can see the theory behind Mr. Bernays belief in this statement; society would definitely run smoother from a bureaucratic point of view if a selective group was telling us where to go, what to eat, and what to wear but the fact of the matter is that humans are not capable of being chained like animals for extended amounts of time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Look at some of the most oppressive regimes over time; they generally do not last forever, only a couple generations at most before becoming just another reference in a history book.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none; text-indent: .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The truth of the matter is that people revolt, they do not accept someone telling them what to do, were to go and what to wear.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Revolution is as natural of an action as sex and breathing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Our biological code will ensure that there will always be a fight for control.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-22412457060348080332011-03-06T14:16:00.000-08:002011-03-06T14:16:52.879-08:00The Meiji State in Japan<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDTKdM_FhE2mFsPxdTzYlRUA6Ha7DeEWGGQlEl1WbcoPu2tsWT7LOHKwOGASbWWTx0DcHHqiONZxQbmF7MIwSuEaJOzbTj1xb7xtH81XjPxcrbdsLGryXs_a2kRGba1ILnnePuZ2ncoT4/s1600/meijijapan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDTKdM_FhE2mFsPxdTzYlRUA6Ha7DeEWGGQlEl1WbcoPu2tsWT7LOHKwOGASbWWTx0DcHHqiONZxQbmF7MIwSuEaJOzbTj1xb7xtH81XjPxcrbdsLGryXs_a2kRGba1ILnnePuZ2ncoT4/s320/meijijapan.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span> What is the Meiji state? Who established it?</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;">The Meiji state was an era of Japan that lasted from 1868 CE thru 1912 CE.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is a period that represents the first half of the modern Empire of Japan.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In 1867 / 1868 the Tokugawa era government was overthrown because of the need for a stronger central government.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The actual power was transferred from the Tokugawa Bakufu into the hands of a select group of nobles and former samurai.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Emperor Meiji was restored to power and moved from Kyoto to Tokyo which became the new capital of the empire.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;">The new government aimed to make Japan a more democratic state with equality among its people. Some of the boundaries between the social classes under Tokugawa Japan were gradually broken down. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The reforms also included the establishment of human rights such as religious freedom in 1873.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;">This era in the history of Japan brought it to the fore front in regional and global politics.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Japan under Emperor Meiji westernized in almost every aspect of their government but held true to a lot of Japanese tradition.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Officials were sent abroad to study western education, business, military, and other fields so Japan could become more competitive.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Meiji era of Japan was also the start of Imperial Japan. Conflicts of interests in Korea between China and Japan led to the Sino-Japanese War in 1894 – 1895.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Japan defeated China, received Taiwan, but was forced by Russia, France and Germany to return other territories. The so called Triple Intervention caused the Japanese army and navy to intensify their rearmament.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;">New conflicts of interests in Korea and Manchuria, this time between Russia and Japan, led to the Russo-Japanese War in 1904 – 1905. The Japanese army also won this war gaining territory and finally some international respect. Japan further increased her influence on Korea and annexed her completely in 1910. In Japan, the war successes caused nationalism to increase even more.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .25in;">In 1912 emperor Meiji died, and the era of the ruling clique of elder statesmen (genro) was about to end and a new era of Japanese imperialism was about to begin.</div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6312769835568061048.post-34465141655481487792011-02-13T17:47:00.000-08:002011-02-13T17:47:18.760-08:00Japan on the Brink of Imperialism: Japanese Foreign Affairs in the 19th Century<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBFyBQZ9-qZ0jdMA_xuHMQ4UupZ1TB0HRvKAAsfVAsLvlyz556xorz9XVPJ6FQrTXy3FULHOAtfhNsyR7tNqjcv8RdqH3pz9SuV6tlXxcOl1O2KI8wfXeHXHV7sG_JdzojpyrbE5ciopA/s1600/Com.+Perry+in+Japan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBFyBQZ9-qZ0jdMA_xuHMQ4UupZ1TB0HRvKAAsfVAsLvlyz556xorz9XVPJ6FQrTXy3FULHOAtfhNsyR7tNqjcv8RdqH3pz9SuV6tlXxcOl1O2KI8wfXeHXHV7sG_JdzojpyrbE5ciopA/s320/Com.+Perry+in+Japan.jpg" width="259" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;">What are foreign affairs? Foreign affairs by definition by the Merriam-Webster online dictionary is: </div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal;"><i>Matters having to do with international relations and with the interests of the home country in foreign countries<o:p></o:p></i></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0in;"> Japan in the 19<sup>th</sup> century was an interesting example of isolation; this isolation made foreign affairs extraneous. Japan first made contact with Portuguese traders who were forced off course on their way to China in about 1542 C.E. Over the next century, traders from Portugal, the Netherlands, France, England, and Spain arrived to conduct business with the Japanese. The tension that eventually arose didn’t come from the traders, but rather the Jesuit, Dominican, and Franciscan missionaries who tried to convert the Japanese to Christianity. The Japanese shogunate that were in control of Japan at this time suspected the Western traders and the Christian missionaries to be forerunners of a military conquest.<o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0in;"> During the early part of the 17<sup>th</sup> century, the shoguante of Japan restricted trade with the outside world to the port city of Nagasaki, mandated that the only traders welcome where the Chinese and Dutch, and removed all foreigners from the country. Some may view this move as paranoia but I believe that Japan made a wise decision in at least restricting trade, this was an era in which Spain, England, and France were colonizing the world at an alarming rate. This era of isolation lasted up until the mid 19<sup>th</sup> century. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0in;"> By the 19<sup>th</sup> century the Far East was a very different place. China was severely weakened by the Opium trade with Britain and a new threat was rising in the area, the Russian Empire. More and more foreign pressure was put on Japan to trade, at some point the levee would eventually break and foreign contact would be inevitable, either through war or trade. Japan, although an isolated state still had its eye on expansion and a weakened Qing China made expansion even more probable. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0in;"> One of the first goals of Japan would be the Kuriles Islands. These islands were of the northern island of Hokkaido which was under Japanese control. Russia’s closed land to these islands was the Kamchatka Peninsula and up until 1945, Japan had a upper hand in the claim for these islands but until then this island chain was the center of much controversy. Taiwan was also a goal for Japan, they finally controlled the island nation in 1895 even though Japan had been attempting to bring it into the fold since 1592. The ever growing weaker Qing China made the takeover of Taiwan possible for the Japanese. Korea was also another goal for the Japanese. Korea came under Japanese control in 1905, again, when the Qing Dynasty was on its last leg and Russia was near the communist revolution as well.<o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: 0in;"> On July 8<sup>th</sup>, 1853 four black ships led by USS <i>Powhatan</i> and commanded by Commodore Matthew Perry, anchored at Edo Bay; never before had the Japanese seen ships steaming with smoke. Matthew Perry brought a letter from the President of the United States, Millard Fillmore, to the Emperor of Japan. He waited with his armed ships and refused to see any of the lesser dignitaries sent by the Japanese, insisting on dealing only with the highest emissaries of the Emperor. On March 31<sup>st</sup>, 1854 representatives of Japan and the United States signed a historic treaty. Negotiations went several months between Perry and Japanese officials on achieving the U.S goal of opening the doors of trade with Japan. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;">The Japanese government realized that their country was in no position to defend itself against a foreign power, and Japan could not retain its isolation policy without risking war. On March 31<sup>st</sup>, 1854 Perry received what he had so dearly worked for, a treaty with Japan. The treaty provided for:<o:p></o:p></div><ol start="1" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">Peace and friendship between the United States and Japan. <o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">Opening of two ports to American ships at Shimoda and Hakodate <o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">Help for any American ships wrecked on the Japanese coast and protection for shipwrecked persons <o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;">Permission for American ships to buy supplies, coal, water, and other necessary provisions in Japanese ports.<o:p></o:p></li>
</ol><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;">In conclusion, I think internal strife and relentless foreign pressure caused Japan to end its isolationist view towards the west. When Japanese society opened its doors to the west and became subject to its influences, it reinvented itself. This very same reinvention created all the things needed to for Japan to expand in the early 20<sup>th</sup> century and to become a world power by the time of World War II. <o:p></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-indent: 0.5in;"><o:p></o:p></div>William R. Balzerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15030486221083364433noreply@blogger.com0